68WM6 A&P 2 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Movement of a body part away from the midline. | Abduction |
Movement of a body part toward the midline. | Adduction |
A thin layer of cartilage covering each epiphysis. | Articular Cartilage |
Moves the distal end of a bone in a circle. | Circumduction |
The outer layer of bone that is hard and dense. | Compact Bone |
An oval projection that fits into an elliptical socket. | Condyle |
A sharp edge. | Crest |
Or Shaft - A hollow tube made of hard, compact bone. | Diaphysis |
A thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity. | Endosteum |
Catilage between the epiphyses and the diaphysis. | Epiphyseal Plate |
The ends of bones. | Epiphyses |
Increasing the angle of a joint, as in straigtening a bent elbow. | Extension |
Reduces the angle of a joint, as in bending an elbow. | Flexion |
Areas where ossification is incomplete or known as soft spots. | Fontanel |
The process of blood cell formation. | Hematopoiesis |
The hollow area inside the diaphysis of a bone containing yellow bone marrow. | Medullary Cavity |
A large depression on the posterior surface of the humerus. | Olecranon Fossa |
Bone reabsorbing cells. | Osteoclasts |
Living bone cells. | Osteodytes |
A bone-forming cell. | Osteoblasts |
A strong fibrous membrane covering a long bone everywhere except at joint surfaces. | Periosteum |
Soft connective tissue inside the hard walls or some bones. | Red Bone Marrow |
Spins one bone relative to another, as in rotating the head at the neck joint. | Rotation |
Spaces or cavities within some of the cranial bones. | Sinus |
The porous bone in the end of the long bone. | Spongy Bone |
An immovable joint. | Suture |
Provides a rigid framework and support structure for the whole body. | Purpose of Skeletal System |
*Support *Protection *Movement *Storage *Hematopoiesis | Function of Skeletal System |
Skull consists of (A) bones. (B) cranial bones and (C) facial bones. | A)22 B)8 C)14 |
Anterior portion of the skull above the eyes. | Frontal Bone |
One ______ bone is located on each side of the skull just behind the frontal bone. | Parietal Bone |
The bone that forms the back of the skull and the base of the cranium. | Occipital Bone |
The bones that form parts of the side and the base of the cranium. | Temporal Bones |
The bone that forms the central part of the floor of the cranium. | Sphenoid Bone |
The bone that forms part of the roof of the nasal cavity. | Ethmoid Bone |
Contractile protein found in the THIN myofilaments of skeletal muscle. | Actin |
When stimulated, a muscle fiber will contract fully or not at all. | All or None |
Those having opposing actions. Ex: Muscles that flex the upper arm are _____ to muscles that extend it. | Antagonists |
Broad fiberous sheets of connective tissue, in scalp, hand, back, around spin, and around abs. | Aponeuroses |
When aponeuroses is wrapped around the end of a muscle it is called _____. | Fascia |
Wasting away of tissue; decreasing in size of a part. | Atrophy |
Synovial fluid-filled sac located between some tendons and bones, making movement easier. | Bursa |
Increase in size, structure, or function. | Hypertrophy |
"equal measure"; type of muscle contraction in which muscle does not shorten and no movement is produced. | Isometric |
Type of muscle contraction in which muscle length changes, producing movement of a joint. | Isotonic |
The muscle mainly responsible for producing a particular movement. | Prime Mover |
Basic functional or contractile unit mover without movement. | Sacromere |
Muscle that assists the prime mover with movement. | Synergists |
Inflamation of the tendon sheath. | Tenosynovitis |
Name the three types of muscle tissue? | *Skeletal *Cardiac *Smooth |
This type of muscle has unique dark bands called intercalated disks. | Cardiac Muscle |
Movement of this type of muscle is involuntary, lacks striations under microscope, and is found in blood vessel walls and hollow visceral structures. | Smooth Muscle |
This muscle is striated, voluntary, and makes up of 40-50% of body weight. | Skeletal Muscle |
Attachment to the bone that remains relatively stationary when a skeletal muscle contracts. | Origin |
Point of attachment to the bone that moves when a skeletal muscle contracts. | Insertion |
Muscle attaches to the bones by _____. | Tendons |
Thick band of tissue that covers the bones on the bottom of the foot. | Plantar Fascia |
Type of filaments that have myocin? | Thick |
Type of filaments that have actin? | Thin |
Sacromeres are separted from each other by dark bands called ______. | Z Lines |
The first thing needed for a muscle group to contract is _______________. | Electrical Stimulus (nervous system) |
The electrical stimulus in muscle contraction triggers in the release of what positively charged cat ion? | Calcium |
The three primary functions of skeletal muscle are _____, ______, and _________. | Movement, Posture or muscle tone, and Heat Production |
What specialized muscle contractions enable us to maintain body position and produce no movement of body part? | Tonic Contractions |
If muscle cells are stimulated repeatedly without adequate periods of rest, the strength of the muscle contractions decrease, resulting in _______. | Fatigue |
COntractions in the absence of adequate oxygen produces _______, which contributes to muscle soreness. | Lactic Acid |
What is the specialized point of contact between a nerve ending and the muscle fiber it innervates? | Neuromuscular Juntion |
What is the combination of a motor neuron with the muscle cell or cells it innervates. | Motor Unit |
Term meaning the minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber to contract. | Threshold Stimulus |
Once stimulated by a threshold stimulus, a muscle fiber will contract completely , a response called _____________. | All or None |
Contractions are a quick, jerky movement and do not play a significant role in normal muscular activity; they are a single contraction of muscle fibers caused by a single threshold stimulus. | Twitch |
Contractions are sustained and stead muscular contractions caused by a series of stimuli bombarding a muscle in rapid succession. | Tetanic |
Exercise involving contraction of muscles against heavy resistance. Increases number of microfilaments in each muscle fiber, does not increase muscle fibers. | Strength Training |
Increases muscle's ability to sustain moderate exercise over a long period. Allows more efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients, and does not result in muscle hypertrophy. | Endurance Training |
The kissing muscle, pucker lips. | Orbicularis Oris |
The muscle surrounding the eye. | Orbicularis Oculi |
The muscle that allows you to raise your eyebrows and frown. | Frontal Muscle |
Muscles that elevate the corners of the mouth and lips, smiling muscle. | Zygomaticus |
Muscle that closes mouth and produces chewing movements | Mastication |
Muscle that flexes head. | Sternocleidomastoid |
Muscles that elevate the shoulder and extends head. | Trapezius |
Muscle that flexes the upper arm. | Pectoralis Major |
Muscle that extends the upper arm. | Latissimus Dorsi |
Muscle that abducts the upper arm. | Deltoid |
Muscle that flexes the forearm. | Biceps Brachii |
Muscle that extends the forearm. | Triceps Brachii |
External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transversus Abdominis, and Rectus Abdominis ARE EXAMPLES OF MUSCLES OF THE ______? | Trunk |
Intercostal and Diaphragm are EXAMPLES OF _________ MUSCLES. | Respirator |
Iliopsoas, Gluteus maximus, and Adductor muscles are muscles of the ____________. | Lower Extremities |
Hand position with the palm turned to the anterior position. | Supination |
Occurs when the palm faces posteriorly. | Pronation |
Results in elevation of the dorsum or top of the foot. | Dorsiflexion |
Results in the bottom of the foot being directed downward. | Plantar flexion |
Calcium is stored in the ______. | Bones |
The most abundant ion in the body. | Calcium |
RED or YELLOW: Which bone marrow is responsible for Hematopoiesis? | RED |
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