Articulations Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Articulations | Joints. Any place where 2 bones come together. |
Mobility vs. Stability | Strength is inversely proportional to mobility. Mobile joints get damaged more. The more mobile the joint, the less stable it is. |
FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION | Based on amount of movement permitted. (3 types). Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, Diarthrosis. |
Synarthrosis | Immovable joints. Functional Classification. |
Amphiarthrosis/Amphiarthrotic | Slightly movable joints. Functional classification. |
Diarthrosis | Freely movable joints. Functional Classification. ex. ankle, shoulder, wrist, finger. |
STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION | Based on 2 things: Material or type of CT that binds bones together & Presence or absence of joint cavity. Fibrous, Cartilaginous, or Synovial. |
Fibrous | Connected by fibrous tissue. Gomphoses, sutures, syndesmoses. |
Cartilaginous | Connected by cartilage. Synchondroses (Hyaline cartilage), Symphyses (Fibrocartilage). |
Synovial | Contains joint cavity. |
Gomphoses | Fibrous joints. Gums. Synarthrotic. peg-in-socket joint. Articulation of tooth with its socket. Periodontal ligament-attaches tooth to bone. |
Sutures | Fibrous Joints. Synarthrotic. Bones tightly bound by minimum amount of fibrous tissue-collagen. Found only between bones of the skull. Coronal, lambdoid, sagittal, squamous. |
Syndesmoses | Fibrous joints-structural classification. Amphiarthrotic-functional classification. Bones connected exclusively by ligaments. Ligaments connect bone to bone. Tendons connect muscle to bone. Tibiofibular joint & interosseous membrane between radius & ulna. |
Synchondroses | Cartilaginous joints. Chondro=Cartilage. Synarthrotic. Hyaline cartilage unites the bones. Epiphyseal plates, rib-manubrium, costochondral joints. |
Symphyses | Cartilaginous joints. Amphiarthrotic. Fibrocartilage unites bones. Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs. |
Synovial Joints | Diarthrotic (freely movable). Each contains fluid filled joint cavity. Glenohumeral, temporomandibular, elbow, knee, etc. |
Articular capsule/Joint capsule | 2 layers. Outer: fibrous dense CT. Purpose: strength. Inner: Synovial membrane-makes synovial fluid. Purpose: Lubrication. |
Accessory Structures | Bursa (and tendon sheath). Fat Pads. Tendons |
Bursa (and tendon sheath) | Fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid. Found where bones, ligaments, muscles, skin, or tendons overlie one another and rub together. |
Fat Pads | Help protect the joint. Shock absorption. |
Tendons | Attach muscle to bone. Muscle turns into tendons. Shiny. |
Ligament | Connects bone to bone. |
Fibular collateral ligament | AKA Lateral collateral ligament. Prevents hyperadduction of the knee. Holds the knee in place. Be able to label. |
Tibial collateral ligament | AKA Medial collateral ligament. MCL. Prevent hyperabduction of the knee. Holds knee in place. Be able to label. |
Anterior cruciate ligament | ACL. Where it attaches to tibia. Keeps the tibia from sliding forward. Prevents anterior movement of the tibia and posterior movement of the femur. Be able to label. |
Posterior cruciate ligament | PCL. Where it attaches to tibia. Prevents posterior movement of the tibia and anterior movement of the femur. Keep tibia from sliding back. Be able to label. |
Medial and lateral meniscus | Made of fibrocartilage. Shock absorption. |
Knee ligaments | ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL, Medial and lateral meniscus. |
Arthritis | Inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage joints. |
Gouty Arthritis | Uric acid crystals in joint cavity. (Kidney stones in your joints). Dehydration increases chances. |
Osteoarthritis | Chronic degenerative condition; "wear and tear." Hurts more at night. Most people get this. |
Rheumatoid arthritis | Autoimmune disease; chronic inflammatory disorder. Antibodies destroy articular cartilage. Bone spurs form. Painful to break. Bones fully fuse in the end. Hurts more in the morning. |
Lever Systems | Lever, Fulcrum, Effort, Load. For movement around joints. 1st, 2nd, or 3rd class. 123, FRE. |
Lever | Rigid bar that moves. Location: Long bones. |
Fulcrum | Fixed point. Location: Joint. |
Effort | Applied force. Location: Muscle insertion. |
Load | Resistance. Location: Weight of body part. |
1st, 2nd, or 3rd class levers | 123, FRE. 1=Fulcrum in middle. 2=Resistance (load) in middle. 3=Effort in middle. |
Created by:
punkaloo
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