68WM6 Phase II Ch45 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
musculo-membranous tube extending from the mouth to the anus, 30ft long | alimentary canal/digestive tract |
what does the digestive tract/ alimentary canal consist of? | mouth, pharynx, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine, anus |
coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the ureter | peristalsis |
what are the accessory organ of the GI system? | teeth, tongue, salivary glands, live, gallbladder, pancreas |
entrance to the digestive system, contains muscular appendage | mouth |
involved in chewing, swallowing, formation of speech | tongue |
tiny elevations on the surface of the tongue that contain taste buds | papillae |
differentiate between sweet, sour, bitter, salty sensations | taste buds |
mechanically shred and grind food | teeth |
teeth used for biting and cutting | incisors |
teeth for tearing and shredding | canines |
teeth for mastication, crushing and grinding food | molars |
three pairs of salivary glands? | parotid, submandibular, sublingual |
what is 90% water and secreted in the mouth | saliva |
how much saliva is secreted daily? | 1000ml to 1500ml |
major enzyme responsible for the initiation of carbohydrate metabolism? | salivary amylase (ptyalin) |
enzyme that destroys bacteria and protects the mucous membranes from infection and tooth decay? | lysozyme |
muscular collapsible tube, 10in long, extends from mouth through esophageal hiatus to the stomach? | esophagus |
what moves a bolus | peristalsis |
located in LUQ, inferior to diaphragm | stomach |
how much can the stomach hold? | 1L |
entrance to the stomach | cardiac sphincter |
exit to the stomach | pyloric sphincter |
where does the digestion of protein begin? | the stomach |
softens the connective tissue of meats, kills bacteria, activates pepsin | hydrochloric acid |
released to protect the stomach lining | mucin |
produced to allow the absorption of vitamin b12 | intinsic factor |
food that has been broken down, viscous semiliquid substance | chyme |
20 foot long tube, 1in diameter | small intestine |
beginning of the small intestine | pyloric sphincter |
end of the small intestine | ilocecal valve |
three major sections of the small intestine | duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
where does 90% of digestion occur? | small intestine |
what are intestinal juices composed of? | bile and pancreatic juices |
comes from the liver and breaks molecules into smaller droplets, enables digestive juices to complete their process | bile |
essential in breaking down proteins into their amino acids into their components, reducing dietary fats to glycerol and fatty acids, converting starches to simple sugars? | pancreatic juices |
millions of tiny fingerlike projections clustered over the entire mucous surface of the small intestine, responsible for absorbing products of digestion into the blood stream | villi |
lymph capillaries in the small intestines responsible for the absorption of metabolized fats | lacteals |
tube 2in in diameter, 5 ft long | large intestine |
what are the parts of the large intestine | cecum, apendix, ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colons, rectum, anus |
four major functions of the large intestine | absorption, vitamin manufacture, feces formation, fecal expulsion |
small wormlike tubular structure that dangles from the cecum | veriform appendix |
changes chyme into fecal material by releasing the remaining nutrients, sythesis of Vitamin K, normal blood clotting and production of some B vitamins | bacteria in the large intestine |
largest glandular organ in the body | liver |
how many lobes does the liver have? | 2 |
where is the liver located? | mostly RUQ, some in left epigastrium |
how much blood is deliver to the liver every minute | 1500ml |
how is blood delivered to the liver | portal vein and hepatic artery |
yellow brown or green liquid produced by the cells of the liver, necessary for the metabolism of fats | bile |
how does bile travel to gallbladder? | hepatic ducts |
how much bile does the liver release every day? | 500-1000ml |
3 to 4in long located on the right inferior surface of the liver, bile is stored here until needed for fat digestion | gallbladder |
functions of the liver? | blood coagulation, manufacturing of cholesterol and albumin, filtering old red blood cells, detoxifying poisons |
maintain normal blood volume | albumin |
elongated gland that lies posterior to the stomach, has endocrine and exocrine duties | pancreas |
how much pancreatic juice is produced daily | 1000-1500ml |
what does pancreatic juice consist of? | protease, lipase, amylase |
what pancreatic enzyme digests proteins? | protease (trypsin) |
what pancreatic enzyme digests fats? | lipase (steapsin) |
what pancreatic enzyme digests carbohydrates? | amylase (amylopsin) |
a small orifice through which the gallbladder empties | papilla of Vater |
an alkaline substance contained in the pancreas, neutralizes the hydrochloric acid in the gastric juices | sodium bicarbonate |
what regulates food intake, stimulates the individual to eat, or to stop eating | hypothalamus |
Created by:
ahughes0919
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