Nutrition Ch. 12 Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Ions | Charged atoms |
Extracellular Fluids | Outside of the cells; ex. bloodstream |
Interstitial Fluids | Between cells |
Intracellular Fluids | Inside of the cells |
Thirst Mechanism | 10% decrease in blood volume or 1 to 2% increase in blood particles stimulates the hypothalamus and cause a dry mouth |
ADH | Releases by the pituitary when salt concentration is too high or blood volume/pressure too low. Causes kidneys to reabsorb water |
Rennin Angiotensin System | Rennin is released by kidneys when BP is low, which then activates the protein Angiotensin, which constricts blood vessels and cause kidneys to reabsorb Na and water |
Aldosterone | Hormone released by the adrenal glands, causes kidneys to reabsorb NA and water |
Obligatory Water Loss | Minimum amount of water required to dispose of water in the urine; About a half of liter/ 2 cups |
Dehydration | Excessive water loss; cause by low intake, diarrhea or vomiting; Causes thirst, weakness, delirium, exhaustion |
Water intoxication | Excessive water intake in a short period of time, Causes confusion, convulsions, and brain swells |
Osmosis | Movement of water from high to low water concentration |
Cation | Positive atom |
Anion | Negative atom |
Electrolytes | Salts that break apart in water and conduct electricity |
Acidosis | Blood pH less than 7.35, depresses the nervous system causing coma |
Alkalosis | Blood pH greater than 7.45, over excites the nervous system causing irritability |
Bicarbonate Buffer System | Most active of the 3 buffer systems. 3 components: H+, HC03-, and H2CO3. |
Na (or Sodium) | Required for muscle contraction, nerve transmission and regulate extracellular fluid. Min. 500mg |
Toxicity of Na | Occurs at 5000mg, causes swelling and high BP |
Sources of Na | Table salt and processed food |
Cl (or Chlorine) | Part of the HCl molecule, in extracellular fluid, no deficiency |
Toxicity of Cl | Occurs at 10,000mg, causes vomiting |
Sources of Cl | Table salt and processed food |
K (or Potassium) | Main positive atom inside of cells, required for muscles and nerves; Min. 2,000mg |
Deficiency of K | Causes weakness and arrhythmias |
Toxicity of K | Occurs 11,000mg, causes weakness, vomiting, and cardiac arrest |
Sources of K | Fruits, vegetables, milk, meat and beans |
Ca (or Calcium) | Required by bones, muscles and blood clotting. Acidity improves absorption. Fiber inhibits absorption. Requires Ca binding protein to be absorbed |
Deficiency of Ca | Causes slow growth, bone loss and tetany |
Toxicity of Ca | Occurs at 2,500mg, causes kidney stones , rigor and constipation |
Tetany | Intermittent muscle spasm |
Rigor | Hard and stiff muscle |
Parathyroid hormone | Moves Ca from the bone into the blood |
Calcitonin | Moves Ca from the blood into the bone |
P (or Phosphorus) | Needed in ATP, DNA, RNA, Phospholipids, hydroxyapatite,and Phosphate buffer system |
Deficiency of P | Causes weakness and bone pain |
Toxicity of P | Occurs at 4,000mg, causes Ca to excreted by the body |
Mg (or Magnesium) | Needed in bones, hold Ca inside tooth enamel, required by 300+ enzymes |
Deficiency of Mg | Causes weakness, confusion, and difficulty swallowing |
Toxicity of Mg | Occurs at 350mg, Causes diarrhea, dehydration, and elevated pH |
Sources of Mg | Green vegetables, nuts, beans, seafood and chocolate |
S (or Sulfur) | Stabilize proteins, used to make insulin; deficiency is unknown |
Toxicity of S | Suppress growth, affects children more than adult |
Sources of S | Meat, milk, nuts and beans |
Created by:
Futuredoctor09
Popular Nursing sets