ONCOLOGY 1400 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Surgery | when tumor is confined and has not invaded surrounding tissues; surgery is primary treatment |
Debulking | when entire tumor can not be removed, as much as possible is removed |
Local Excision | tumor and a small amount of healthy tissues are removed |
Wide or Radical Excision | removes tumor, lymph nodes and involved adjacent structures and surrounding tissue that pose a risk for metastasis |
Salvage Surgery | done with local recurrence of CA; more extensive than previous surgery |
Prophylactic | client is at high risk for developing cancer; usually done for breast or reproductive cancers |
Palliative | relieve uncomfortable symptoms or prolong life; NOT A CURE |
Radiation Therapy | high-energy ionizing radiation used to destroy cancer cells by disrupting cell function and division/alteration of DNA molecules; cell death occurs immediately |
Goal of Radiation Therapy | to destroy malignant cells without permanently damaging healthy tissue |
External Radiation | MARKED W/MARKER OR TATTOO; DO NOT USE LOTIONS TO RADIATION AREA--skin may burn; malignant cells are more sensitive to radiation; cell death; damage to cell's DNA; daily treatments over several weeks |
Internal Radiation | POSE THREAT TO OTHERS; Brachytherapy; radioactive source that is implanted or placed on tumor implanted inside patient's body |
Sealed source | inserted in body in a sealed container directly into tumor; can be held in place with an applicator |
Precautions of Internal Radiation patients/Sealed Source | private room; preferably LEAD LINED; sign on door; no children/pregnant women; limit time in room to 30 mins PER SHIFT; lead aprons, monitoring devises; monitor for accidental dislodged sources |
Unsealed Sources | Additional: wear gloves; body fluids require special considerations--radiation excreted through urine, saliva, sweat and feces; use separate eating utensils; wash clothes seperately; drink plenty fluids to flush system |
Side effects of Radiation | Bone marrow suppression/myelosuppression (anemia-RBC), (leukopenia-WBC), (thrombocytopenia-platelets); alopecia, anorexia, altered taste, mouth sores, dry mouth, erythema to area, harm to fetus, sterility, impotence |
Stomatitis | mouth sores |
Chemotherapy | Can be used to cure cancer, prevention of metastasis, slow growth of tumor, destroy tumor cells or relieve symptoms |
True | T/F: Chemo-Agents can be cell cycle specific or cell cycle-non specific drugs |
True | T/F: Chemo can be given orally, IV, IM, intraperitoneally, intra-arterially, intrapleurally, topically, intrathecally or directly into a cavity |
Cytoxic | Alkylating drugs and mitotic inhibitors interfere with the process of cell division |
True | T/F: Antineoplastic antibiotics and antimetabolites interfere with DNA and RNA |
Chemotherapy side effects | same as radiation; also including possible toxic effects on lungs, heart, nerve tissue, kidneys and bladder; tissue necrosis |
Bone Marrow Transplantation | peripheral blood stem cell transplant; collected by apheresis (process of separating blood into components for later reinfusion) |
3 Types of Bone Marrow Transplantation | Autologous (self), Allogeneic (compatible donor), and Syngeneic (identical twin) |
Immunotherapy | biologic response modifiers stimulate body's natural immune system to restrict & destroy cancer cells; manipulates natural immune response by restoring, stimulating or augmenting natural defenses |
Types of Immunotherapy | Nonspecific and Monoclonal antibody |
Nonspecific Immunotherapy | antigen injected into client to stimulate immune response to destroy malignant cells |
Monoclonal Antibody | tumor cells injected into mice to form antibodies; antibodies removed from spleen and cultured w/more cancer cells to form more antibodies and reinjected into patient to destroy tumor cells (after purification) |
Cytokines | substances that immune system cells produce to enhance immune system |
4 Types of Cytokines | Interferons, Interleukins, Tumor necrosis factor, Hematopoietic growth factors (colony stimulating factors) |
Gene Therapy | replaces altered genes w/correct genes, inhibiting defective genes; rids body of cells no longer needed or defective |
Created by:
txladybug70
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