Bio 160 Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
what are the active tissue found in bone? | Cartilage, Blood, Nervous Tissue |
What is the shaft of the long bone? | Diaphysis |
What part of the bone do tendons and liagments attach to? | Periosteum |
Bone that consists mainly of tightly packed tissue is called_____ | compact bone |
bone that consists of numerous branching bony plates by irregualr spaces is called____ | spongy bone |
The medullary cavity of a long bone is filled with | marrow |
Bones that develop from layers of membranous connective tissue are called____ | intramembranous |
an example of a sesmoid bone is _____ | patella |
bones that develop from masses of hyaline cartilage are called | endochondral bones |
The band of cartilage between the primary and secondary ossification centers in the long bone is called the ________ | epiphyseal plate |
the cells that form new bone are ________; the cells the break down bone are ______________ | osteocytes, osetoclasts |
once bone formation is complete, the bone _________throughout life | is remodeled |
when a bone is fractured, a hematoma is formed by blood escaping from | the periosteum and blood vessesl within the bone |
What are the major factors that influence bone growth and development | nutrution, hormonal secertions, physical exercise |
The gap between broken ends of a fractured bone is filled by a ____ | cartilaginous callus |
To accomplish movement, bones and muscles function together to act as ____ | levers |
What bones contain red marrow for blood cell formation in a healthy adult | pelvis, ribs |
what substances are found in blood? | Potassiumm, calcium, magnesium |
Calcium is important in___ | muscle contraction and nerve impluse conduction |
What are the 4 major parts of the Axial skeleton | skull, hyoid bone, vertbral column, thoracic cage |
what are the 4 major parts of the appendicular skeleton | pectoral girdle, upper legs, pelvic gridle, lower limbs |
The parts of the spinal column in which the vertebrae are fused____ | sacrum and coccyx |
The only movable bone of the skull is the ___ | mandible |
The bone that forms the back of the skull and joins the skull along the lambdoid strucure is the ______ | occipital bone |
The upper jaw is formed by the | Maxillary bones |
The membranous areas (soft spots) of an infants skull are______ | fontanels |
What part of the verebral column acts as a shock asborber | intervertebtral disks |
the functions of the thoracic include? | Porduction of blood cells, contribution to breathing, protection of heart and lungs, support the shoulder girdle |
which vertebrae support the most weight | lumbar |
The true ribs articulate with the ______ and the ______ | thoracic vertebrae and sternum |
The pectoral girdle is made of two _______ and two _______ | clavicles and scapulales |
The _____ crosses over the ulna when the palm of the hand faces backward | radius |
The wrist consists of | 5 metacarpal bones |
When the hands are placed on the hips, they are over the ______ | iliac crest |
the longest bone in the body is the_______ | femur |
the lower end of the fibula can be felt as an ankle bone. The correct name is the_____ | Lateral malleolus |
Synovial membrane is found in_____ | freely movable joints |
The function of the bursae is to______ | facilitatte movement of tendons over bones |
The type of joint that permits the widest range of motion is______ | ball and socket |
Moving the parts at a joint so that the angle between then is increased is called______ | extension |
The human body is composed of chemicals? | True |
What is Matter? | anything that can take up space |
What forms is matter in? | Solids, liquids and gases |
The subatances that constitute all matter are called_____ | elements |
What four elements are most plentiful in the human body? | oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen |
what is an atom made of? | nucleus, protons, neutrons and electrons |
Neutron | no electrical charge |
proton | positive electrical charge |
electron | negative electrical charge |
The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of ________ | protons |
When the atoms combine, they gain or lose _____ | electrons |
The atomic weight of an element is determined by the number of _____ | protons and neutrons |
An element is inactive if____ | the outer shell of its atom has its maxium # of electrons |
An ion is? | an atom that is electrically charged |
An ionic bond is created by | a positive and negative ion attracting each other |
In forming a covalent bond, electrons are_____ | shared by two atoms |
Water is formed by molecules of hydrogen and oxygen united by a _____ | polar bond |
a compund is formed when atoms of ______ elements combine | different |
C6H12O6 is an example of a | molecular formula |
Two majors types of chemical reactions are called_____ and _____ | synthesis and decompostion |
Know the symbol for reversible reaction | |
An atom or molecule that affects the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction is called a ______ | catalysts |
As electroyte that relaeases hydrogen ions in water is an | acid |
Electrolyes that release ions that combine with hydrogen ions are called _____ | bases |
The pH measures concentration of_____ | Hydorgen ion |
What is the pH of a nuetral solution? | 7 |
An inorganic substance that relases ions when it reacts with water is water as a | electroytes |
Examples of inorganic cells | water, oxygen |
Examples of organic cells | carb, glucose, protien, fat |
Carbohydrate molecules contains atoms of _______, ________ and _________ | Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
Fat molecules contain _______ and _______ | fatty acids and glycerol |
Fats are used in the body primarliy to store ______ | enegry |
Fats, phospholipids and steroids are important _________ found in the human cell | lipids |
An enzyme is a _______ that acts as a catalyst | protein |
In addtion to carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, proteins also contain atoms of ________ | nitrogen |
What characteristic of protein determines its function? | conformation |
The two types of nuclear acids are ______ and _____ | RNA and DNA |
The function of nucleic acids is to______ | store information and control life process |
Study of the human body first began with early humans because ______ | of their concern with illness and injury |
What factors sets the stage for early knowledge of the human body? | the growing experience of medicine men as they treated the sick with herbs and potions |
The development of modern science began with? | the belief that natural processes were caused by forces that could be understood |
What languages form the basis of the language of anatomy and physiology? | Latin and greek |
The branch of science that deals with the structure of the body is? | anatomy |
The branch of science that studies how body parts function? | physiology |
The function of a part is __________ related to its structure | always |
what are the levels of orgnaization of the body in order of increasing complexity, beggining with the atom? | Atom, moleclue, cell, tissue, organ, organ system |
The sum total of chemical reactions in the body that break substances down and build them up is? | metabolism |
Homeostasis means? | maintenacne of a stable enviroment |
Receptors | provide information about specific conditions in the internal environment |
Effectors | Cause responses which alter conditions in the internal evironment |
Set point | a point which tells a particular value should be |
The portion of the body that contains the head, neck and trunk is called the? | axis |
The arms and legs are called the ? | appendicular portion |
The major cavities of the axial portion of the body ______________ cavity and the ________ canal, and the ________ cavity and the ________. | cranial, vertebral, thoracic and abdominaopelvic. |
The inferior boundary of the thoracic cavity is the ? | diaphragm |
The heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland are located in the ________ which sperates the thoracic cavity into two compartments. | mediastimum |
The portion of the abdomen surround by the bones of the pelvis? | Pelvic cavity |
The visceral and perietal pleural membranes secrete a serous fluid into a potential space called the? | Pleural cavity |
The heart is covered by the _______ | Pericardial membranes |
What position is standing erect or arms at side? | anatomical |
Terms of relative position are used to describe the? | Location of one body part with respect to another |
A sagittal section divides the body into | right and left portions |
what is the function of the nervous system? | Intergration and Coordination |
what is the function of the muscular system? | Support and movement |
what is the function of the circulatory system? | processing and transporting |
what is the function of the respiratory system? | processing and transporting |
what is the function of the skeletal system? | support and movement |
what is the function of the digestive system? | processing and transporting |
what is the function of the lymphatic system? | processing and transporting |
what is the function of the endocrine system? | integration and coordiation |
what is the function of the urinary system? | processing and transporting |
what is the function of the reproductive system? | reproduction |
The cells of the human body vary in size and ___________; the function of various cells is made possible by this ____________________ | shpae, three dimensional forms |
Cells that are thin, flat and tightly bound together usually have a ___________function | protective |
The two major portions of the cell, each which is surrounded by a membrane, are the ______ and the ________. | cytoplam and nucleus |
The cell membrane allows some substances to pass through it and excludes others. This is possible because the cell membrane is ____________ | selectively permeable |
The cell memebrane is composed of a double layer of ? | Phospolipid moleclues |
The inner layer if the cell membrane composed of the fatty acid portion of lipid molecules is impermeable to molecules that are soluble in _________ | water |
The organelle that functions as a system of transport for materials from one part of the ctyoplasm to another is the ________ | endoplasmic reticulum |
Ribosomes function in the synthesis of protein molecules? t/f | True |
The Golgi apparatus is involved in the "packaging" of proteins for secretion to the _______ of the cell. | outside |
The mitochondria function is the release of _____ to the cells. | enegry |
The enzymes of the lysosome_____ | digest bacteria and damaged cells parts |
Peroxisomes are abundant in the _____ and the _____ | liver and kidneys |
Microfilaments are rods of protein involved in cellular______ | movement |
Which of the following statements about the centerosome are true? | a. It is located near the nucleusb. The centrioles of the centerosome functionc.The centerosoem is concerned with the distribution of chromosomes.d.d. allAnswer---d. ALL |
Cilia are found on the surface of? | epithelial cells |
The structures that float in the nucleplasm of the nucleus are the ______ and the _______ | nucleolus and chromatin |
The differance between active and passive mechanisms of movement through cell membranes is that active mechanisms require______ | cellular energy |
The process by which nonsoluble material moves through the cell membrane by using a carrier molecule is called ___________________ | facilitated diffusion |
The process by which water moves across a semipermeable membrane from areas of low concentration of solute to areas of higher concentration is called? | osmosis |
A hypertonic solution is one that _______ | contains a greater concentration of solute than the cell |
The process by which molecules are forced through a membrane by pressure that is greater on one side than on the other side is called? | filteration |
The process tha uses energy to move ions across a concentration gradient from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration is called? | Active transport |
The process by which cells engulf liquid molecules is called? | pinocytosis |
A Process that allows cell to take in molecules pf solids is called? | phagocytosis |
The process the ensures duplication of DNA molecules during cell reproduction is? | mitosis |
Prohase | Chromatin forms chomosomes; nuclear envelope and nucleous break up and disperse |
Metaphase | chomosomes become arranged midway between centrioles; duplicate parts od chromosomes become seperated |
anaphase | microtubules shorten; chromosomes are pulled toward centrioles |
telophase | chormosomes elongat; nuclear membranes form around each chormosome set |
How many cells are in the human body? | 75 trillion |
Do all cells look the same? | no, the vary in size and shape |
What is the structure of the cell membrane? | lipids and proteins with fewer carbs |
Which type of lipid makes up the majority of the cell membrane? | a bilayer of phospholipid |
What is able to easily pass through the cell membrane? | Soluble lipids- oxygen and carbon dioxide |
What types of molecules are impermeable through the cell membrane? | water soluble molecules- amino acids, sugars, proteins, nuleic acids and various ions |
What is diffusion? | the process by which molecules or ions scatter or spread spontaneously from regions where they are in higher concentrations towards regions wher they are lower. |
What is it called when water molcules diffuse from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration? | Osmosis |
Any solution that has the same osmotic pressure as body fluid is what? | Isotonic |
Solutions with a higher osmotic pressure than body fluids is what? | Hypertonic |
Solution which have lower osmotic pressure than body fluids is what? | Hypotonic |
What happens if a cell is placed in a hypertonic soluiton? | they shrink |
What happens if a cell is placed into hypotonic solution? | they swell |
Here in the body does fileration occur? | in the kidneys |
Cells in tissue are similar? t/f | True |
The function of epithelial tissue is to? | cover body surfaces |
what four types of tissue are found in the human body? | epithelial, conncetive, muscle, nervous |
Which of the following statements about epithelial tissue are true? | a. epithelial tissue has no bloodb. epithelial cells reproduce slowlyc.epithelial cells are nourished by substance diffussing from connective tissued. injuries to epithelial tissue heal rapidly as new cell replace damaged cells.Answer: a, c, d |
simple sqaumous epitelium | air sacs of lungs, walls of capillaries |
simple cuboidal epitelium | linimg of the ducts of the salivary glands |
simple columnar epitelium | lining of the digestive tract |
pseudostratified columnar epitelium | lining of the respiratoy passages |
startified squamous epitelium | epidermis of the skin |
The inner lining of the urinary bladder and the passageways of the urninary tract are composed of_____________________ | transitional epitelium |
A merocrine gland that secretes its product by__________ | exocytosis |
The function of the connective tissue is: | support, porctection and stores fat |
Fibroblasts and mast cells found in connective tissue are ___________ cells | fixed |
The connective tissue cells that produce fibers are? | fibroblasts |
The major structural protein of the body and of white connective tissue is? | collagen |
Yellow connective tissue that can be stretched and returned to its shape is? | elastic |
The most common clels of loose connective tissues are? | Fibroblasts |
What is adipose tissue and what is the function? | A specialized from of loose connective tissue, it occurs around the kidneys, behind the eyeballs and around various joints, it serves as a conserver of body heat and it serves as a storehouse of energy for the body |
The cartilage found in the tip of the nose is ? | Hyaline cartilage |
The type of cartilage in the intervertebral discs is? | fiborcartilage |
Because of the nature of its blood supply, injured cartilage heals____________ | slowly |
The most rigid connective tissue is? | Bone |
The intercellular material of vascular tissue is ? | Plasma |
The three types of muscle tissue are? | skeletal, smooth and cardiac |
Coordiation and regualtion of body functions is the function of the _____________ | nervous tissue |
What are the 4 types of membranes? | Serous,mucous,cutaneous, synovial |
Serous membranes are located where? | in the body cavities that are completely closed to the outside of the body |
mucous membranes are located where? | in the lining of the cavities and tubes that have openings to the outside of the body |
The outer layer of skin is called? | epidermis |
The inner layer of skin is called? | dermis |
The masses of connective tissue beneath the inner layer of skin are called? | subcutaneous |
The outermost layer of the epidermis is? | stratum corneum |
The pigment that helps protect the deeper layers of the epidermis is? | Melanin |
Light-complected, fair haired people have __________ numbers of melanocytes than/as dark complected drak-haired people. | equal |
Blood vessels supplying the skin are located in the ___________ | dermis |
The subcutaneous layer functions as a __________ | heat insulator |
Smooth muscle cells that stand hairs on end in response to cold are know as? | arrector pili muscle |
The glands ususally associated with hair follicles are? | sebaceous glands |
Nails are produced by epidermal cells that undergo _____________ | keratinzation |
Where are the eccrine sweat glands most numberous? | the forehead, neck and back |
The mammary glands of the breast that produce milk are modified ___________ glands | sweat |
An irregularly shaped lesion with varigated color that develops on sun exposed area is ___________ | melanomas |
The sweat glands assoicated with regulation of body temperature are the __________ | eccrine glands |
Which of the following organs produces the most heat? | muscles |
Sponging the skin with water helps increase the loss of body heat by ________________ | evaporation |
What are the signs of inflammation? | red, pain and swelling |
Fibroblasts must migrate into a __________ cut to heal the skin defect. | deep |
Created by:
icesk8ermom
Popular Biology sets