Biology Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
an unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development | embryo |
the process by which cells become specialized | differentiation |
the unspecialized cells from which differentiated cells develop | stem cells |
able to do everything, as far as forming all tissues in the body | totipotent |
a hollow ball of cells with a cluster of cells inside | blastocyst |
capable of developing into many, but not all, of the body's cell types | pluripotent |
found in the inner cells mass of the early embryo | embryonic stem cells |
can produce many types of differentiated cells | multipotent |
gathering stem cells from an embryo | harvesting |
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change | catalyst |
protein acting as biological catalysts that speed up the chemical reactions of the cell | enzymes |
the energy required to start a reaction | activation energy |
the substance acted upon by an enzyme | substrate |
places on enzymes to which a specific substrate binds | active sites |
the breaking of many of the weak linkages, or bonds (e.g., hydrogen bonds), within a protein molecule | denature |
an enzyme found in potatoes that catalyzes the oxidation of a particular substrate by hydrogen peroxide | catalase |
an enzyme found in turnips that catalyzes the oxidation of a particular substrate by hydrogen peroxide | peroxidase |
breaks down proteins | protease |
breaks down lipids | lipase |
breaks down lactose in milk | lactase |
breakdown of complex molecules into two simpler molecules | catabolism |
use of enzymes to build complex molecules from simpler molecules | anabolism |
the compatibility of the shape of the active site and the shape of the enzyme | enzyme specificity |
occurs when another part of the enzymes bonds with a molecule that is not the substrate and the bonding occurs at a second site, called the allosteric site | noncompetitive inhibition |
occurs when a substance binds to the active site of an enzyme and prohibits normal substrate interaction | competitive inhibition |
The _______ _______ contains hundreds of different cell types, and every one of them develops from the single cell that starts the process. | human body |
Most multicellular organisms pass through an early stage of development called an _______, which gradually develops into an adult organism. | embryo |
During development, cells ______________ into many different types and become specialized to perform certain tasks. | differentiate |
_______________ cells carry out the jobs that multicellular organisms need to stay alive. | Differentiated |
Cell differentiation in mammals is controlled by a number of interacting factors in the ________. | embryo |
Adult cells generally reach a point at which their _______________ is complete and they can no longer become other types of cells. | differentiation |
Only the fertilized egg and the cells produced by the first few cell divisions of embryonic development are truly ___________. | totipotent |
After about four days of development, a human embryo forms into a blastocyst and the cells of the inner cell mass are said to be ____________. | pluripotent |
What are the two types of stem cells? | embryonic and adult stem cells |
Researchers have grown stem cells isolated from human embryos in culture and their experiments confirmed that __________ ______ _______ have the capacity to produce most cell types in the human body. | embryonic stem cells |
Adult stem cells of a given organ or tissue is ____________ and typically produces only the types of cells that are unique to that tissue. | multipotent |
_______ ________ research may lead to new ways to repair the cellular damage that results from heart attack, stroke, and spinal cord injuries. | Stem cell |
Most techniques for harvesting cause destruction of the _________. | embryo |
Government funding of ____________ ______ ______ research is an important political issue. Groups seeking to protect embryos oppose such research as unethical. | embryonic stem cell |
Some groups support ___________ _______ _____ research as essential to saving human lives and so view it as unethical to restrict the research. | embryonic stem cell |
Life in a cell is made possible through hundreds of chemical reactions and if these chemical reactions proceed too slowly, the activities of the cell would come to a ______. | halt |
Without _________, the reactions of the cell would proceed so slowly that they would be of no use to the cell, and the cell would die. | enzymes |
__________ __________ occur faster and at lower temperatures because enzymes lower the activation energy for that chemical reaction. | Enzymatic reactions |
__________ are never consumed or used up during the reaction so they can do their job over and over again. | Enzymes |
The enzyme has an active site with a unique 3-D shape into which its __________ must fit so enzymes are highly specific for just one substrate. | substrate |
Enzymes __________ both the forward and the reverse of the same reaction. | catalyze |
Since enzymes are unchanged by ___________ ____________, only a small amount of any particular enzyme may be present so many different enzymes are in a single cell. | chemical reactions |
Enzymes can be ___________ by temperatures and pH levels outside the optimal range for that particular enzyme. | denatured |
Many enzymes like __________ are found in both plant and animal tissues. | catalase |
What letters do enzymes almost always end in? | -ase |
Created by:
VickieJ10
Popular Biology sets