Chapter 6 Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
articular cartilage | thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the surface of the epiphysis |
canaliculi | microscopic passageways that connect lamellae to each other |
cancellous bone | spongy bone found in the ends of long bones and the middle of most other bones |
compact bone | dense solid bone that forms the shafts of long bones and the outer surfaces of other bones |
diaphysis | the central shaft-like portion of long bone |
endochondral ossification | process in the fetus whereby cartilaginous skeleton transforms into bone |
endosteum | thin epithelial membrane lining the inside of the medullary cavity |
epiphysis | the head of each end of a long bone |
haversian canal | a central canal in compact bone containing blood vessels and nerves: surrounded by lamellae |
intramembranous ossification | process in the fetus whereby fibrous connective tissue evolves into bone |
lacunae | tiny gaps between rings of lamellae in compact bone |
lamellae | concentric rings of matrix surrounding haversian canal in compact bone |
medullary cavity | the central hollow portion of long bone that contains bone marrow |
osseous tissue | bone tissue |
ossification | the creation of new bone |
osteoblast | bone-forming cell |
osteoclasts | bone cells that dissolve old or unhealthy bone |
osteocyte | mature osteoblast |
osteon | basic structural unit of compact cone consisting of a haversian canal and surrounding lamellae |
periosteum | dense fibrous membrane covering the diaphysis |
remodeling | reshaping or reconstructing part of a bone |
resorption | the destruction of old bone; part of the bone remodeling process |
spongy bone | also called cancellous bone; found in the ends of long bones and the middle of most other bones |
trabeculae | latticework of osseous tissue that makes up the structure of spongy or cancellous bone |
bone functions | shape, support, protection, movement, electrolyte balance, blood production, and acid-base balance |
types of bone | long bones, flat bones, short bones, irregular bones |
long bones | have a very long axis and are longer than they are wide; femur, humerus |
flat bones | thin, flat, curged bones that protect organs; skull bones, ribs, sternum |
irregular bones | often in groups, are various sizes and shapes; vertebrae, facial bones |
short bones | broad as they are long; carpal bones, tarsal bones |
growth plate | epiphyseal plate |
tensile strength | resistance to stretching forces |
compressional strength | resistance to strong, squeezing forces |
torsional strength | resistance to twisting forces |
red bone marrow | produces red blood cells |
yellow bone marrow | does not produce red blood cells |
fontanels | "soft spot"; fibrous connective tissue on the newborn skull. allows for compression of the fetal head during birth and skull expansion in the first 2 years of life when the brian is growing |
simple fracture | bone remains aligned and the surrounding tissue is intact |
compound fracture | bone has pierced through the skin there is likely damage to surrounding tissue, nerves, and blood vessels along with an increased risk of infection |
greenstick fracture | incomplete fracture similar to when a green stick breaks, thus the name. typically occurs in young children because their bones are softer and the bone will likely splinter rather than break completely |
comminuted fracture | bone is broken into pieces |
spiral fracture | fracture line spirals around the bone, result of a twisting force. frequently seen with child abuse |
Created by:
lindstromjPN110
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