Chapter 51 Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Visual Acuity | snellens or E chart to test near and far |
Normal Acuity | 20/20 |
Low Acuity | 20/70 |
Blind Acuity | 20/200 |
OD | right eye |
OS | left eye |
OU | both eyes |
Visual fields by conformation | tests peripheral vision |
Muscle balance & movement | tests extraocular & cranial nerve function |
Muscle balance & movement test | Pt looks straight ahead and follows finger movement without moving their head |
Nystagmus | involuntary, rapid eye movement |
Corneal light reflex | assess muscle balance |
Corneal light reflex test | shining pen light toward cornea while pt looks straight ahead |
Corneal light reflex normal/abnormal | should be steady gaze, if movement occurs could indicate muscle weakness |
Tropia | deviation away from |
Esotropia | deviation toward nose |
Hypotropia | downward deviation |
Exotropia | lateral movement |
Pupillary reflexes | tests response to light |
Pupillary reflex test | pt looks straight ahead, pupil size noted, pen light shone, pupil observed |
Pupillary reflexes normal | should constrict |
Consensual response | normal constriction from pupillary reflex |
Accommodation | pupil responds to near and far |
External exam | inspected and palpated |
Eyebrows | starting point- symmetry, hair texture, extension of brow |
Orbital area | check for edema, puffiness, redness, lesions |
Palebral Fissure (eyelids) | distance of upper + lower lids |
Medial Canthus | of lower lid- for exudate |
Internal eye | intraocular pressure measured |
Structures of eye | Fibrous, vascular, neural- protect eye from debris & desiccation, oil secreted to slow evaporation of tears |
Lens | changes shape for near and far |
Rods | dim light, night vision, no color distinguish |
Cones | central, bright light, sharp vision/color |
Desiccation | extreme dryness |
Fibrous outer layer | sclera, cornea |
Sclera | outermost, white of eye, BV and nerves |
Cornea | transparent, over iris, admits light, NO BV |
Vascular middle layer | iris, ciliary body, choroid |
Iris | adjusts diameter of pupil to control amount of light entering |
Ciliary body | thick extension, around lens, aqueous humor |
Choroid | supplies oxygen & nutrients to retina and sclera |
Neural inner layer | retina, optic nerve |
Retina | thin, light sensitive |
Optic nerve | signals to brain |
Aging and the ear | difficult to filter out background noises, impaired verbal communication, corti hair cells damaged, high pitched range lost, **F,S,K,Sh sounds lost first |
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jessicamiller
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