Biology Chapter 6.1 Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Autotroph | An organism that produces its own nutrients from inorganic substances or from the environment instead of consuming other organisms. |
Photosynthesis | The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen. |
Heterotroph | An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their byproducts and that cannot synthesize organic compounds from inorganic materials. |
Light Reactions | The initial reactions in photosynthesis, which are triggered by the absorption of light by photosystems 1 and 2 and include the passage of electrons along the electron transport chains, the production of NADPH and oxygen gas, and the synthesis of ATP thro |
Chloroplast | An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs. |
Thylakoid | A membrane system found within chloroplasts that contains the components for photosynthesis. |
Granum | A stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast. |
Stroma | In plants, the solution that surrounds the thylakoids in a chloroplast. |
Pigment | A substance that gives another substance or mixture its color. |
Chlorophyll | A green pigment that is present in most plant cells, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that reacts with sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to form carbohydrates. |
Carotenoid | A class of pigments that are present in the thylakoid membrane of plants and that aid in photosynthesis. |
Photosystem | In the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, a cluster of chlorophyll and other pigment molecules that harvest light energy for the light reactions of photosynthesis. |
Primary Electron Acceptor | In chloroplasts, an acceptor of electrons lost from chlorophyll a; found in the thylakoid membrane. |
Electron Transport Chain | A series of molecules, found in the inner membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts, through which electrons pass in a process that causes protons to build up on one side of the membrane. |
Chemiosmosis | In chloroplast and mitochondria, a process in which the movement of protons down their concentration gradient across a membrane is coupled to the synthesis of ATP. |
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