Bio Chapter 2 Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
phospholipids | make up the membrane and are 2 lipids and a phospate |
permeable | control/permission for crossing or not of the membrane |
diffussion | transfer of a substance from an abundant to a lessor abundancy. Requires no cell energy |
active transport | transfer of a substance from a lessor abundancy to an abundant. This requires cell energy. |
endocytosis/phagocytosis | process of bringing in a substance from outside of the cell |
exocytosis/secretion | process of transferring a substance out of the cell |
osmosis | when water moves from where it is abundant to less abundant |
aquaporin | protein that allows water to cross through the membrane even though it is not a lipid or lipid solute. It is a channel holding a sole purpose to allow water in |
hypertonic solution | more solute, less water |
hypotonic solution | less solute, more water |
isotonic solution | equal distribution of solutes and water |
Microfilaments/Microtubules | Non Membranous. Proteins in the shape of tube or thread inside of the cell that gives or maintains the cell structure so It does not collapse |
Mitochandria | double membrane. Produces energy for the cell. Kidney bean shape. Inner membrane fits only if it is folded because it is large |
lysosome | is a vesicle filled with digestive enzymes. Membrane bound package from the Golgi. DETOX THE PACKAGE FROM THE GOLGI |
Golgi aparatus | membrane bound. packages and refines substances from the ER. Packaged for secretion |
transport vesicle | membrane bound. Membrane pinched off of the ER to transport the protein inside of the membrane to its next stop |
Nucleus | holds all of the DNA/Chromatin/Chromosomes . this provides the information for what the cell needs to make and how much of it |
ribosomes | site of protein synthesis. assemble proteins/amino acids for the need of the cell. NON membranous |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | membrane bound series of channels served as a pathway for the substances to transfer through the cell from one side to another |
Smooth ER | No ribosomes are attached. Lipids and Fat molecules are assembled |
Rough ER | Protein production and placement pathway. Ribosomes surrounding the outer rim of the endoplasmic reticulum |
cytoplasm | the region between plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane that has organelles and cytosol |
organelles | tiny structures inside the cell |
cell membrane | outer layer holding the cell together made of phospholipids and proteins |
prokaryotic | no nucleus, plant cell |
eukaryotic | nucleus, animal cell usually multi-cellular organisms |
organic molecules | carbon containing molecules |
glucose | simple sugar, monosaccharide c6h1206 |
monomer | single building block unit |
polymer | big molecule monomers joined together |
protein | long chains of amino acids |
polypeptide | smaller chains of molecules |
biologic molecules | carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
hydrophilic | water loving-soluble in water |
hydrophobic | water fearing-insoluble in water |
What can dissolve in water? | Other polar hydrophilic molecules |
soluble | hydrophilic-substance can dissolve |
insoluble | hydrophobic-substance does not have ability to dissolve |
cohesion | attraction between 2 like things |
adhesion | attraction between 2 non like things |
capillary action | molecules stick to one another and pull each other along, example water molecules pulling each other along up a tree root |
polar | unequal distribution of charge |
water forms | solid liquid gas |
ICF | internal cellular fluid solution= solvent and solutes |
ECF | extra cellular fluid, external fluid surrounding the cell. solution=solvent and solutes |
bacteria | single celled organisms. can live on their own. |
cell | by definition the smallest living unit |
organism | a group of organ systems organized for an independent existence |
nucleic acids | macromolecule that carries genetic info of a cell and instructions for the cell function |
nucleotides | monomer of nucleic acids |
simple sugars | monosaccharrides |
disaccharides | 2 monosaccharides undergo a dehydration reaction and form a covelant bond |
polysaccharide | long chain of monosaccharides linked by a covelant bond |
macromolecules | large molecule often made by polymerization of smaller molecules |
molecules | chemical structure having at least 2 atoms held together by a chemical bond |
organelles | membrane bound compartments or sac within the membrane |
atom | smallest component of an element |
covalent bonds | strong bond between 2 or more elements. forms when electrons are shared |
organic compounds | carbon containing molecules |
ionic bonds | chemical bond formed between ions of opposite charges |
hydrogen bonds | weak bonds between partially positive and partially negative elements or molecules |
cytosol | semi liquid, semi solid gel like consistency, movement allowing in which the organelles of the cell are suspended in |
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arentfrow26
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