Bella CFE Higher Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
| Question | Answer |
| Seminiferous Tubules | site of sperm production in the testes |
| Ovulation | release of an ovum |
| Testosterone | Male sex hormone that promotes development of secondary sexual characteristics AND promotes sperm production |
| Corpus Luteum | Glandular structure that develops from a Graafian follicle after ovulation |
| LH | Gonadotrophic hormone that brings about ovulation |
| Interstitial Cells | Site of testosterone production in the testes |
| Semen | Milky liquid containing sperm and secretions from seminal vesicles and prostate gland that maintains the mobility and viability of sperm. |
| FSH | Gonadotrophic hormone that promotes sperm production in males and follicle maturation in females |
| Oestrogen | Ovarian hormone responsible for proliferation of endometrium before ovulation |
| (Graafian) Follicle | Structure that surrounds a developing egg |
| ICSH | Gonadotrophic hormone that stimulates interstitial cells in testes to produce testosterone |
| Progesterone | Ovarian hormone responsible for thickening endometrium after ovulation |
| Seminal Vesicles | Structure that produces components on semen rich in fructose and prostaglandins |
| Glycogen | Storage carbohydrate composed of excess glucose molecules |
| Myocardial Infarction | Sudden irreversible damage to cardiac muscle caused by blockage in coronary artery |
| Capillary | Tiny blood vessel whose thin walls allows exchange of materials with nearby cells |
| Thrombus | Blood clot which may block a blood vessel |
| Angina | Crushing chest pain that occurs when partly blocked coronary artery fails to meet increased demands of cardiac muscle |
| Valve | Structure made of two or more flaps that prevents backflow of blood |
| Tissue Fluid | Liquid that bathes living cells and contains small dissolved molecules but lacks proteins. Formed by pressure filtration. |
| Vein | Large vessels that carries blood back to the heart |
| Venule | Small branch of a vein |
| Arteriole | Small branch of an artery |
| Artery | Large vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| Plasma | Liquid component of blood rich in dissolved substances including proteins |
| Atherosclerosis | Type of thickening and hardening of arteries caused by formation of plaques of fatty material |
| Lymphatic System | One of many tubes carrying lymph from tissues back towards the blood circulatory system |
| Lymph nodes | Oval-shaped structure involved in producing lymphocytes and engulfing microbes |
| Pacemaker | Small node of specialised tissue in heart wall that exhibits spontaneous excitation |
| Lubb and dupp | Sounds heard through a stethoscope when heart valves close during heart-beat |
| Diastole | Phase of cardiac cycle when cardiac muscle is relaxed |
| Electrocardiogram | Pattern on oscilloscope screen that represents electrical activity involved in heartbeat |
| Peripheral Resistance | Tendency of vessel walls to prevent blood flow and cause blood pressure to decrease |
| Sphygmomanometer | Instrument for measuring blood pressure |
| Atrial systole | Phase of cardiac cycle when muscle in heart's upper chambers contracts |
| Atrio-ventricular Node | Region of specialised tissue in heart that picks up impulses from S-A node |
| Ventricular Systole | Phase of cardiac cycle when muscle in heart's lowers chambers contracts |
| Cardiac Cycle | Pattern of contraction and relaxation shown by heart during one heartbeat |
| Implantation | Attachment of embryo to endometrium |
| Endometrium | Enriched lining of the uterus |
| Secondary sexual characteristics | Bodily changes that occur during puberty |
| Oestrogen and progesterone | Ovarian sex hormones that promote development of secondary sexual characteristics |
| Puberty | Stage of development when a child changes into a sexually mature adult |
| Postnatal | Occurring after birth |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | A measurement of the relationship between weight and height. Very high BMI is associated with complications during pregnancy |
| Hypertension | Blood pressure that is persistently above normal |
| Ultrasound scan | Procedure whereby sound waves are used to project an image of the developing foetus on a video screen |
| Amniocentesis | A technique by which a small amount of the fluid that surrounds a developing baby is removed for diagnostic testing; carried out at ~18 weeks of pregnancy |
| Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) | A technique by which a small sample of the placenta is removed for diagnostic testing; carried out at ~10 weeks of pregnancy |
| Karyotype | A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape. |
| Dating scan | Ultrasound scan carried out at 8-14 weeks of pregnancy to determine the age of the fetus |
| Anomoly scan | Ultrasound scan carried out at 18-20 weeks of pregnancy to identify any unusual aspects of development |
| False positive | Assessment error in which pathology is reported (that is, test results are positive) when none is actually present |
| Downs Syndrome | A human genetic disorder resulting from the presence of an extra chromosome 21; indicated by high volumes of fluid behind the neck observed during an anomoly scan |
| Rhesus Disease | A condition where antibodies in a pregnant woman's blood destroy her baby's blood cells. |
| Phenylketonuria | An inborn error of phenylalanine metabolism; Inherited as an autosomal recessive trait; treated through an altered diet |
| Polygenic | A pattern in which many genes all influence a single trait |
| Allele | Alternative forms of a gene |
| Homozygous | An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait |
| Heterozygous | An organism that has two different alleles for a trait |
| Genotype | A gene combination for a given trait in an organism |
| Phenotype | An organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic |
| Autosome | Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome (22 pairs in humans) |
| Sex-chromosome | One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
| Sex-linked | A gene located on a sex chromosome (usually the X chromosome), resulting in a distinctive pattern of inheritance. |
| Dominant | An allele that is expressed in the phenotype of the heterozygote |
| Recessive | An allele that is not expressed in the phenotype of the heterozygote |
| Carrier | A person whose genotype includes an allele that is not expressed in the phenotype - especially when that allele can cause a genetic disorder |
| Incomplete Dominance | The condition where both alleles are partially expressed in a BLENDED appearance of the trait (sickle cell). |
| Monohybrid | A cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait |
| Cystic Fibrosis | A genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele; characterized by an excessive secretion of mucus and consequent vulnerability to infection |
| Huntington's Chorea | Autosomal dominant disorder that usually has its onset in people between 30 and 50 years of age |
| Sickle cell trait | Inherited disorder in which individuals show signs of mild anemia; occurs in heterozygous individuals and offers some protection against malaria |
| Red-green colour blindness | Example of a sex-linked condition. |
| Haemophilia | Example of a sex-linked recessive trait primarily affecting males where there is a reduction or total lack of synthesis of one or more factors responsible for clotting blood |
| Atherosclerosis | A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the blood vessels, forming plaque, which eventually leads to partial or complete blockage of blood flow. |
| Atheroma | Mass of fatty plaque that collects in an artery. |
| Lipids | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| Cholesterol | An important substance that is produced in the liver from saturated fats. It is a precursor to the synthesis of steroids as well as being a component of cell membranes. |
| Steroid | A hormone consisting of lipids derived from cholesterol |
| Low-density lipoprotein | The type of lipoprotein responsible for transport of cholesterol from liver to tissues. It is sometimes referred to as "bad cholesterol". |
| High-density lipoprotein | The type of lipoprotein responsible for transport of excess cholesterol from tissues to the liver where it is eliminated. It is sometimes referred to as "good cholesterol". |
| Statins | Drugs that reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood. |
| Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) | The clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries. |
| Angina | Chest or arm pain resulting from reduced oxygen supply to the heart muscle. |
| Stroke | A sudden attack of weakness or paralysis that occurs when blood flow to an area of the brain is interrupted |
| Myocardial Infarction | An obstruction of coronary artery causing death of an area of the myocardium due to blockage of blood and oxygen supply (aka Heart Attack). |
| Blood clot | Forms when liquid blood is converted to a solid through the process of coagulation (aka Thrombus) |
| Prothrombin | An inactive clotting enzyme present in blood plasma. |
| Thrombin | Active clotting enzyme produced in the presence of damaged cells. |
| Fibrinogen | Soluble plasma protein that is converted to fibrin by the enzyme thrombin |
| Fibrin | Insoluble plasma protein that form "threads" which trap platelets and form a blood clot |
| Thrombosis | The formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel. |
| Embolus | A clot that breaks lose and travels through the bloodstream. |
| Deep Vein Thrombosis | Condition of having a thrombus attached to a wall of a deep vein, often in the legs. If the clot breaks free it can lead to a pulmonary embolism |
| Pulmonary Embolism | A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow. |
| Diabetes | A disorder of metabolism resulting from insufficient or absent insulin production from the pancreas; may also be due to insulin resistance |
| Insulin | A hormone produced by the pancreas and released in response to high blood glucose following a meal. Promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver. |
| Glucagon | A hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood when blood glucose concentration dips. |
| Glycogen | An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch. |
| Glucose tolerance Test | A clinical test used in the diagnosis of diabetes. |
| Obesity | The condition of being very overweight. i.e. a BMI of >30 |
Created by:
nscobie
Popular Biology sets