Chapter 8 vocab Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Nuclotides | Small units, or monomers, that make up DNA |
Double helix | two strands of DNA wind around each other like a twisted ladder |
base pairing rules | TA and CG |
Replication | Process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle |
DNA polymerrases | bond the new nucleotides together |
central dogma | molecular biology, which states that information flows in one direction, from DNA and RNA proteins |
RNA | Ribonucleic acid, a chain of nucleotides, each made of sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing-base |
Transcription | process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary stand of RNA. |
RNA polymerases | enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule |
Messenger RNA (mRNA) | an intermediate message that is translated to form a protein |
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) | forms part of ribosomes, a cell's protein factories |
Transfer RNA (tRNA) | brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein |
Translation | the process that converts, or translates, an mRNA message into a polypeptide |
Codon | three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an an amino acid |
Stop codons | signal the end of the amino acid chain |
start codons | signals the start of the translation and the amino acid methionie |
anticodon | set of three nucleotides that is complementary to an mRNA |
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