Reproductive Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
| Question | Answer |
| What is the venous drainage for the testis and ovaries? | Right gonadal vein drains into IVC and left drains into left renal vein (much like the right and left adrenals) |
| This ligament contains the ovarian vessels | Suspensory ligament of ovaries |
| This ligament contains the uterine vessels. | Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligament |
| This ligament contains the ovaries and the uterine tubes. | Broad ligament |
| What is the autonomic innervation of the male sexual response? | Point and Shoot!; erection is Parasympathetic, emission is Sympathetic |
| What are the stages of spermatogenesis, and what are the chromosomal makeup? | Spermatogonium (diploid, 2N)--> Mitosis --> 1 spermatocyte (diploid, 4N) --> Meiosis 1 --> 2 spermatocyte (haploid, 2N) --> Meiosis 2 --> spermatid (haploid, 1N) |
| These cells are stimulated by LH and release testosterone. | Leydig cells |
| These cells are stimulated by FSH and release ABP and inhibin. | Sertoli cells |
| What is the function of androgen binding protein (ABP)? | Ensure testosterone is high in semineferous tubule |
| What is the function of inhibin? | Inhibits FSH release from anterior pituitary |
| This enzyme converts testosterone to DHT, a more potent form. | 5alpha reductase; this enzyme is inhibited by finasteride used to treat BPH |
| This substance is involved in differentiation of the wolffian duct system into internal gonadal structures. | Androgens |
| Where is testosterone and androstenedione converted into estrogen? | In adipose tissue of both men and women and in granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. |
| This hormone stimulates growth of the follicle, endometrial proliferation, and triggers the LH surge for ovulation. | estrogen |
| This hormone is produced in the corpus luteum and functions to stimulate endometrial secretion and spiral artery development. | Progesterone |
| This hormone inhibits LH and FSH secretion. | Progesterone |
| This enzyme converts cholesterol to androstenedione in theca cells and is activated by LH. | Desmolase |
| Oocytes are arrested in this phase of meiosis I for years until ovulation. | Prophase |
| Oocytes are arrested in this phase of meiosis II until the are fertilized. | Metaphase |
| This hormone is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast of placenta, and maintains the corpus luteum until the placenta synthesizes its own estrogen and progesterone. | hCG |
| What are the symptoms of menopause? | HAVOC; Hot flashes, Atrophy of the Vagina, Osteoporosis, Coronary artery disease |
| What hormonal changes occur after menopause? | Decreased estrogen, Markedly Increased FSH, increased LH (no surge), increased GNRH |
| Why is there an increased incidence of coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women? | Because estrogen increases HDL and reduces LDL |
| Incomplete fusion of the paramesonephric ducts can result in this abnormality leading to infertility. | Bicornuate uterus |
| Abnormal opening of urethra on inferior side of penis is caused by what failure? | Failure of the urethral folds to close; Hypospadias |
| Abnormal opening of urethra on superior side of penis is due to what failure? | Faulty positioning of genital tubercle; epispadias |
| Testicular atrophy, tall, long extremities, and gynecomastia. Diagnosis and genotype? | Klinefelter's syndrome; XXY |
| In Klinefelter's syndrome, dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules has what effect on inhibin and FSH? | Leads to reduced inhibin which leads to increased FSH |
| In Klinefelter's syndrome, abnormal leydig cells have what effect on testosterone, LH, and estrogen? | Abnormal leydig cells leads to reduced testosterone --> increased LH --> increased estrogen |
| Short stature, ovarian dysgenesis (streak ovary), webbed neck. Diagnosis and genotype? | Turner's syndrome; XO |
| Very tall male, severe acne, antisocial behavior. Diagnosis and genotype? | Double Y males; XYY |
| Excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation will result in what condition? | Female pseudohermaphrodite |
| Defect in androgen receptor would result in what syndrome? | Androgen insensitivity syndrome; phenotypical female w/out uterus or uterine tubes (testes often in labia majora) |
| This deficiency results in ambiguous genitalia until puberty when increased testosterone causes masculinization. | 5alpha reductase deficiency |
| Short stature, ovarian dysgenesis (streak ovary), webbed neck. Diagnosis and genotype? | Turner's syndrome; XO |
| Very tall male, severe acne, antisocial behavior. Diagnosis and genotype? | Double Y males; XYY |
| Excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation will result in what condition? | Female pseudohermaphrodite |
| Defect in androgen receptor would result in what syndrome? | Androgen insensitivity syndrome; phenotypical female w/out uterus or uterine tubes (testes often in labia majora) |
| This deficiency results in ambiguous genitalia until puberty when increased testosterone causes masculinization. | 5alpha reductase deficiency |
| Pregnant presents with hypertension, proteinuria, and edema. Diagnosis? | Pre-eclampsia |
| What is the difference between pre-eclampsia and eclampsia? | pre-eclampsia is the triad of hypertension, proteinuria, and edema; eclampsia is the addition of seizures to these symptoms |
| What is the treatment of eclampsia? | IV magnesium sulfate and diazepam |
| What is the key clinical feature distinguishing placenta previa from placenta abruptio? | Both present with vaginal bleeding, however, usually painful with abruptio, and painless with previa |
| What is placenta accreta? | Attachment of the placenta directly to myometrium; predisposed by prior C-section or inflammation |
| This condition is often esophageal/duodenal atresia causing inability to swallow amniotic fluid. | polyhydramnios; also associated with anencephaly |
| Condition associated with renal agenesis and often leads to pulmonary hypoplasia | Oligohydramnios; Potter's syndrome |
| Disordered epithelial growth on pap smear with epithelial cells with enlarged nuclei and cytoplasmic clearing. Diagnosis? | Koilocytes; carcinoma in situ which can progress to invasive carcinoma |
| These variants of HPV are associated with cervical carcinoma. | HPV 16 & 18 |
| Endometrial glands in abnormal locations outside the uterus. | Endometriosis |
| This syndrome usually precedes endometrial carcinoma. | Endometrial hyperplasia |
| Multiple well demarcated benign tumors of smooth muscle in uterus. Estrogen sensitive. | Leiomyoma; increased incidence in african americans |
| Bulky irregularly shaped tumor with necrosis and hemorrhage | Leiomyosarcoma; not associated with leiomyoma |
| Patient presents with amenorrhea, obesity, and hirsutism. Diagnosis? | Polycystic ovarian syndrome |
| What condition is associated with chocolate cysts? | blood containing cysts from ovarian endometriosis |
| This germ cell tumor is associated with large hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblastic cells that produce hCG. | Choriocarcinoma |
| Equivalent to male seminoma. | Dysgerminoma |
| Ovarian malignancy associated with increased AFP | Yolk sac tumor |
| This is tumor is most often benign in women but malignant in men. | Mature teratoma |
| Ovarian tumor that resembles bladder epithelium. | Brenner tumor |
| Ovarian tumor consisting of bundles of spindle shaped fibroblast | Ovarian fibroma |
| Small, mobile, firm breast mass common in women under 25. | Fibroadenoma |
| Tumor of lactiferous ducts usually presenting with serous or bloody nipple discharge. | Intraductal papilloma |
| Large, bulky mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaflike projections. Often benign but may be malignant. | Cystosarcoma phyllodes |
| The single most important prognostic factor in breast malignancies. | Lymph node involvement |
| Early breast malignancy without basement membrane penetration. | Ductal carcinoma in situ |
| Firm, fibrous malignancy associated with worst prognosis. | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
| Eczematous patches on nipple which suggest underlying carcinoma. | Paget's disease of the breast |
| Diffuse breast pain and multiple lesions, often bilateral. | Fibrocystic disease |
| Breast abscess, most commonly caused by staph aureus. | Acute mastitis |
| Dysuria, frequency, urgency, lower back pain, in men. Often caused by bacteria when acute. | Prostatitis |
| Sensitization of the prostate to the growth-promoting effects of DHT, associated with increased free PSA. | BPH; |
| Associated with enlargement of the posterior lobe producing a hard nodule on digital rectal exam. | Prostatic carcinoma; increase in total PSA, but decreased fraction of free PSA |
| This is often elevated in osteoblastic metastasis of prostatic carcinoma. | serum alkaline phosphatase |
| Undescended testis. | Cryptorchidism |
| Painless testicular enlargement commonly affecting males age 15-35. | Seminoma |
| Painful testicular malignancy with poor prognosis. | Embryonal carcinoma |
| Non-germ cell tumor associated with gynecomastia in men and precocious puberty in boys. | Leydig cell tumor |
| Carcinoma in situ characterized by solitary crusty plaque, usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum which. | Bowen disease |
| Carcinoma in situ characterized by red velvety plaques usually involving the glans. | Erythroplasia of Queyrat |
| 5alpha reductase inhibitor | Finasteride; treats BPH |
| Nonsterooidal competitive inhibitor of the androgens at the testosterone receptor. | Flutamide; treats prostate carcinoma |
| Steroid synthesis inhibitor used to treat PCOS. | Ketoconazole |
| GnRH analog with agonist properties when used in pulsatile fashion, antagonist when continuous. | Leuprolide; treats infertility (pulsatile), prostate cancer (continuous), uterine fibroids |
| cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor | Sildenafil; treats erectile dysfunction |
| Partial agonist at estrogen receptor preventing inhibition of LH and FSH from pituitary. | Clomiphene; infertility |
| Competitive inhibitor of progestrins at progesterone receptor used prevent implantation. | Mifepristone |
| Do oral contraceptives increase or decrease risk for endometrial and ovarian cancer? | decrease risk |
Created by:
rahjohnson
Popular USMLE sets