Skeleton Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
axial skeleton | Skull, Spine, Rib Cage |
appendicular skeleton | Upper limbs, Lower limbs, Shoulder girdle, Pelvic girdle |
what is the purpose of bone markings | it reveals where bones form joints w. other bones, where muscles, tendons, & ligaments were attached & where blood vessels & nerves passed |
name the categories of bone markings | projections, or processes that grow out from the bone (serve as sites of muscle attachment or help form joints) & depressions or cavities (indentations or opening sin the bone that often serve as condults for nerves & blood cessels |
tuberosity | large rounded projection; may be roughened, (rough elevated surface) |
crest | narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent |
trochanter | two massive processes on the femur |
line | slightly raised, elongated ridge |
tubercle | small rounded projection or process |
epicondyle | expanded region superior to a condyle |
spine | sharp, slender, or narrow process |
process | any bony prominence or projection |
head | (Artciulation) prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded (mostly long bones) |
facet | (Artculation) smooth, flat, slightly concave or conves articular surface (mostly long bones) |
condyle | (Articulation) rounded knob that articulates with another bone (mostly long bones) |
meatus | entrance to ear canal-like passageway |
fossa | broad, shallow depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface |
groove | Long pit or furrow |
fissure | narrrow, slit through a bone |
foramen | a hole through a bone, usually rounded with concave area around opening, entrances for nerves |
name the 4 classifications of bones | long, short, flat & irregular bones |
suture | Fibrous, interlocking joint of the crainal bones |
mandible | lower jawbone |
maxillae | 2 bones fused in a median suture; form the upper jawbone & part of the orbits |
list the vertebra column | Cervical (7), Thoracic (12), Lumber (5), Sacrum (5, fused), Coccyx (4, fused) |
Torus | Bony thickening (occipital bun) |
Protuberance | Bony outgrowth or protuding part |
Sulcus | Long, wide groove |
True Ribs | Attach directly to the sternum, Ribs 1 - 7 |
False Ribs | Attach to the 7th Costal Cartilage, Ribs 8 - 10 |
Floating Ribs | No anterior attachment, Ribs 11 - 12 |
Carpals | Wrist Bones (8) |
Metacarpals | Palm (5) |
Phalanges | Fingers (14) / toes (14) |
Tarsals | Ankle (7) |
Metatarsals | Sole (5) |
Teeth | Mineralized structures that function to masticate (chew/break down) food, and aid in speech |
Bones | Serve as a protector of organs, produce blood cells, store minerals and fat, and serve as a frame work for support and attachment for muscles, tendons and ligaments |
Cortical Bone | Dense bone typically found on external surfaces and forms the walls of the shafts of long bones |
Trabecular Bone | Porous, spongy bone that is typically found at the ends of long bones, and in vertebral bodies and flat ones. |
Enamel | Covers external surface of the crown. No living cells and no blood supply. Hardest substance in the body. |
Ventral | Toward the Front (or belly) |
Dorsal | Toward the back or spine (used differently for feet and hands) |
Anterior | Toward the ventral side (only used in humans) |
Posterior | Toward the dorsal side (only used in humans) |
Superior | Above |
Medial | Toward the median plane or middle |
Inferior | Below |
Lateral | Away from the median plane or middle |
Proximal | Closer to the point of attachment or origin |
Distal | Farther to the point of attachment or origin |
Cephalic | Toward the head or superior end |
Rostral | Toward the forehead or nose (used with skulls only) |
Caudal | Toward the tail or inferior end |
Neck | between the head and shaft |
Canal | Tubular passage or tunnel |
Determination of Sex by bones | Pelvis, Skull, Whole Skeleton |
Determination of Ancestry | Skull |
Dertmination of Sex: Pelvis | Pelvis is the best bone (differences due to adaptations to childbirth)1.females have wider subpubic angle 2. females have a sciaticnotch > 90 3. females have a broad pelvic inlet 4. females have a broad illium |
Determination of Sex: Cranium | Crests and ridges more pronounced in males, Chin significantly more square in males, Mastoid process wide and robust in males, Forehead slopes more in males |
Determination of Race: Skull | Nasal index, Nasal Spine, Prognathism-extended jaw, Shape of eye orbits |
Antomical Position | Is a stance in which a person stands erect with the feet flat on the floor and close together, arms at the sides, and the palms and face directed forward. |
Osteology | Study of Bones |
Odontology | Study of Teeth |
Morphology | Shape of bones and teeth |
Incisors | First four teeth |
Canine (Cuspid) | fifth tooth |
Premolars (Bicuspid) | sixth and seventh tooth |
First and second Molars | eighth and nineth tooth |
Third Molar (wisdom tooth) | tenth tooth |
Created by:
Brina
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