Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Skeleton
Classification & Structure of Bones & Cartilages
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| axial skeleton | Skull, Spine, Rib Cage |
| appendicular skeleton | Upper limbs, Lower limbs, Shoulder girdle, Pelvic girdle |
| what is the purpose of bone markings | it reveals where bones form joints w. other bones, where muscles, tendons, & ligaments were attached & where blood vessels & nerves passed |
| name the categories of bone markings | projections, or processes that grow out from the bone (serve as sites of muscle attachment or help form joints) & depressions or cavities (indentations or opening sin the bone that often serve as condults for nerves & blood cessels |
| tuberosity | large rounded projection; may be roughened, (rough elevated surface) |
| crest | narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent |
| trochanter | two massive processes on the femur |
| line | slightly raised, elongated ridge |
| tubercle | small rounded projection or process |
| epicondyle | expanded region superior to a condyle |
| spine | sharp, slender, or narrow process |
| process | any bony prominence or projection |
| head | (Artciulation) prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded (mostly long bones) |
| facet | (Artculation) smooth, flat, slightly concave or conves articular surface (mostly long bones) |
| condyle | (Articulation) rounded knob that articulates with another bone (mostly long bones) |
| meatus | entrance to ear canal-like passageway |
| fossa | broad, shallow depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface |
| groove | Long pit or furrow |
| fissure | narrrow, slit through a bone |
| foramen | a hole through a bone, usually rounded with concave area around opening, entrances for nerves |
| name the 4 classifications of bones | long, short, flat & irregular bones |
| suture | Fibrous, interlocking joint of the crainal bones |
| mandible | lower jawbone |
| maxillae | 2 bones fused in a median suture; form the upper jawbone & part of the orbits |
| list the vertebra column | Cervical (7), Thoracic (12), Lumber (5), Sacrum (5, fused), Coccyx (4, fused) |
| Torus | Bony thickening (occipital bun) |
| Protuberance | Bony outgrowth or protuding part |
| Sulcus | Long, wide groove |
| True Ribs | Attach directly to the sternum, Ribs 1 - 7 |
| False Ribs | Attach to the 7th Costal Cartilage, Ribs 8 - 10 |
| Floating Ribs | No anterior attachment, Ribs 11 - 12 |
| Carpals | Wrist Bones (8) |
| Metacarpals | Palm (5) |
| Phalanges | Fingers (14) / toes (14) |
| Tarsals | Ankle (7) |
| Metatarsals | Sole (5) |
| Teeth | Mineralized structures that function to masticate (chew/break down) food, and aid in speech |
| Bones | Serve as a protector of organs, produce blood cells, store minerals and fat, and serve as a frame work for support and attachment for muscles, tendons and ligaments |
| Cortical Bone | Dense bone typically found on external surfaces and forms the walls of the shafts of long bones |
| Trabecular Bone | Porous, spongy bone that is typically found at the ends of long bones, and in vertebral bodies and flat ones. |
| Enamel | Covers external surface of the crown. No living cells and no blood supply. Hardest substance in the body. |
| Ventral | Toward the Front (or belly) |
| Dorsal | Toward the back or spine (used differently for feet and hands) |
| Anterior | Toward the ventral side (only used in humans) |
| Posterior | Toward the dorsal side (only used in humans) |
| Superior | Above |
| Medial | Toward the median plane or middle |
| Inferior | Below |
| Lateral | Away from the median plane or middle |
| Proximal | Closer to the point of attachment or origin |
| Distal | Farther to the point of attachment or origin |
| Cephalic | Toward the head or superior end |
| Rostral | Toward the forehead or nose (used with skulls only) |
| Caudal | Toward the tail or inferior end |
| Neck | between the head and shaft |
| Canal | Tubular passage or tunnel |
| Determination of Sex by bones | Pelvis, Skull, Whole Skeleton |
| Determination of Ancestry | Skull |
| Dertmination of Sex: Pelvis | Pelvis is the best bone (differences due to adaptations to childbirth)1.females have wider subpubic angle 2. females have a sciaticnotch > 90 3. females have a broad pelvic inlet 4. females have a broad illium |
| Determination of Sex: Cranium | Crests and ridges more pronounced in males, Chin significantly more square in males, Mastoid process wide and robust in males, Forehead slopes more in males |
| Determination of Race: Skull | Nasal index, Nasal Spine, Prognathism-extended jaw, Shape of eye orbits |
| Antomical Position | Is a stance in which a person stands erect with the feet flat on the floor and close together, arms at the sides, and the palms and face directed forward. |
| Osteology | Study of Bones |
| Odontology | Study of Teeth |
| Morphology | Shape of bones and teeth |
| Incisors | First four teeth |
| Canine (Cuspid) | fifth tooth |
| Premolars (Bicuspid) | sixth and seventh tooth |
| First and second Molars | eighth and nineth tooth |
| Third Molar (wisdom tooth) | tenth tooth |
Created by:
Brina
Popular Science sets