Music History unit 2 Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| Texture in the middle ages was primarily _____ until the advent of ______ was developed. | monophonic, organum |
| ________is a polyphonic compositional technique that added one or more musical lines to a pre-existing Gregorian chant. | Organum |
| Organum was developed in 12th century by ________ and _______ for use in the Cathedral of Notre Dame. | Leonin and Perotin |
| The shift from monophony or _________ to polyphony coincided with the founding of the first universities in Europe, in _______ and later in Paris and ______ (circa). | Gregorian chant, Salerno 850, Oxford 1170 |
| Few instruments were used widely in the Medieval period _____, _____ ______, _______ as well as other string instruments and drums. | bagpipes, pipe organs, lutes |
| Music in this period was primarily _____. | vocal |
| Melodies and rhythms in this period were simple musical notation chant melodies were _______ while secular tunes tended to have primarily _______ underlay. | melismatic, syllabic |
| Gregorian chant was founded by ______ . | Pope Gregory, |
| Around 600 AD _____ ________ by Pope Gregory both monophonic secular songs, polyphonic organum pieces were also created. | Schola Cantorum. |
| Leonin (1135-1201), Perotin (1180-1207), developed _______ in the 12th century. | Organum |
| Hildegarde von Bingen, (1098-1179) was a famous Reverend mother who saw _____ and wrote music for other women in the monastery. | Visions |
| Guillaume de Machaut (1300-1377) who wrote sacred and secular songs. He was in love with _____ a young singer who rejected him. | Peronelle |
| The Renaissance was a rebirth of _______ ________ (ancient Greek and and Roman cultural ideas. | Cultural antiquity |
| _________ was the intellectual movement that focused on human life and it's achievements consequently seizing the focus away from the Catholic Church. | Humanism |
| Martin Luther's posting of the ______ _______ on the door of the Wittenberg Church. | 95 criticisms |
| The 95 Criticism posted on the Wittenberg Catholic Church from Martin Luther spurred the _______ _________ in Northern Europe especially in Germany. | Protestant Movement |
| Protestant movement impacted many Northern European especially in _______. | Germany |
| The Counsel Trent was from ____ - _____. | 1545, 1563 |
| The Counsel of Trent expressed a desire for the church to move away form ________ music and secular tunes to a more uplifting sound. | Monophonic |
| The Counsel of Trent sought to uplift the style in three ways ______ _______ , _______ (particularly the organ), and _______. | Vocal ornamentation, instruments, polyphony |
| Mass was large scale that accompanied 5 parts ______, ______, ______, _____, and _______. | Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Angus Dei |
| Masses were written by most major composers and consisted of mostly a ______ _______ as well as a secular tune was added. | polyphonic chant |
| Which secular tune was added to the kyrie________. | missa l'homme arme |
| ______ is a vocal genre that employed a sacred Latin text. | Motet |
| A Motet is a _____ ,_____, _____ work that did not use the text from the mass ordinary. | free standing polyphonic |
| A ________ employs a secular polyphonic work written in the ______ _______ of the composer and uses extensive ____ _______. | Madrigal, vernacular language, word painting |
| A Madrigal is composed of four to five voices (SATB) most text consisted of ______ and _____ ______. | Greek, Roman myths |
| Some Madrigals were written for monarchs such as ____ ______ ___ or on occasion domestic or romantic affairs known as a ______ in France. | Queen Elisabeth I, Chanson |
| The Baroque artist hated the _____ _____ in favor of the bizarre, flamboyant, and elaborate | Classical antiquity |
| The _____ __ ______ epitomizes the _____ _____ with every or ornate cravings, elaborate paintings and gold leafs. | Palace of Versailles, Baroque style |
| The Baroque Art emphasized ______ and _______ and unity of mood. This was also apparent in the music ______ melodies and highly ________ setting for text. | Motion, continuity, ornamented, melismatic |
| Women were not allowed to ____ in the Catholic Church. J.S. Bach dies at the end of the _____ ______. | Sing, baroque period |
| _____ and _____ can be describes as continuous, with an emphasis on _____ and ______ direction. | Rhythm, melody, motion, forward |
| Musicians are generally better _____ and can make a living as a musician. | Trained |
| Rhythms are better notated because of the _____ ______ and _____. | Printing practices and notations |
| Musical works are increasingly _______ in the Baroque Era and always _____. | Homophonic, polyphonic |
| The Baroque era saw the dawn of the ________ which consisted of ___ to ___ players. | Orchestra, 10, 40 |
| Instruments of the Baroque Era strings: ______, ______, ______, ______, winds: _____, ______ _____ and occasionally horns or timpani. | Violin, viola, cello, bass, flute, baroque oboe |
| ______ are also an essential to the Baroque Era. | Harpsichord |
| Vocal works were accompanied by ______ or ______ ____. | orchestra, pipe organ |
| _______ were ________ - either soft or loud with gradual transitions- reflecting the unity of mood and spirit in a piece. | Dynamics, terraced |
| _____ is a large scale of vocal works that has drama, scenery, singing and full orchestra, lightings and costumes. | Opera |
| Two new vocal genres take precedence in the Baroque Era ______ and _____. | Recitative and aria |
| A ______ (usually with a harpsichord) are texts taken from Greek and Roman myths were all the dialogues took place. | recitative |
| Whereas the ______ tends to elaborate on one emotion or plot point reached in the recitative. | Aria |
| _______ were like arias but with more than one solo singer. | Ensembles |
| _____ were often represented by the people of the town or village. | Choruses |
| ________such as Ferinelli sang the male heroine parts | Castrati |
| _______ used the same forces as operas but with a biblical story or text. | Oratorio |
| ________ were sometimes staged but mostly took place in a church or concert hall. | Oratorio |
| ____ _______ is a Baroque instrumental genre in _______ _____ altering between _____ (whole orchestra) and soli (small group of instrumentalist). | Concerto Grosso, ritornello form |
| One of the soloist would preform an extended _______ (solo closing material derived from the music of the tutti and soli parts. | Cadenza |
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