Homeostasis/Stress Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
define homeostasis | remaining stable while staying the same |
Homeostasis is a state of what? | equilibrium balance of all systems |
What is an ideal "set point" despite alterations within the body? | homeostasis |
at the lowest level, stress affects what? | activity of enzymes and cells |
What happens to enzyme activity when temperature is increased? | enzymes are more active |
What happens to enzyme activity when temperature is decreased? | enzyme activity is decreased |
define allostasis | ability to successfully adapt to challenges |
What organ regulates intricate regulatory processes in the body? | the brain |
What type of process is allostasis? | dynamic |
What does allostasis do? | maintain or reestablishes homeostasis in light of environmental changes |
3 factors of stress | physical chemical emotional |
what does stress result in? | tension of body or mind |
define stress | real or perceived threat to homeostasis |
What are the stages of general adaptation syndrome? | alarm resistance/adaptation exhaustion |
define alarm stage | fight or flight response due to stressful stimulus |
what axis is associated with alarm stage? | hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis |
define resistance or adaptation stage | activity of the nervous and endocrine systems in returning the body to homeostasis |
define allostatic state | activity of various systems attempting to restore homeostasis |
Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome facilitates the individual's allostatic restoration of homeostasis: alarm, resistance, exhaustion, allostatic load? | resistance |
what does ADH save? | water |
What does aldosterone save? | salt |
How does ACTH relate to aldosterone production? | ACTH is necessary for enzyme activity needed to make aldosterone |
Example of mineralcorticoid | aldosterone |
example of glucocorticoid | cortisol |
define liplysis | breakdown of fat |
define glycolysis | breakdown of glycogen in liver |
define exhaustion stage | point where body can no longer return to homeostasis |
define allostatic overload | cost of body's organs and tissues for an excessive or ineffectively regulated allostatic response |
What is another term for the effect of "wear and tear" on the body? | allostatic overload |
define stressors | agents or conditions that can produce stress and endanger homeostais |
types of stressors | internal/external physical chemical biological social cultural psychological |
How will stressors vary? | scope intensity duration |
Inadequate responses to stress can cause what? | illness |
reactions to stress vary depending on what? | genetic constitution gender past experiences cultural influences developmental stage age |
stressors can include what types of perceived events? | negatively and positively |
Which of the following is an example of a stressor? using a cell phone while driving, being exposed to air pollution, running in the dark, having inadequate immunizations? | being exposed to air pollution |
define risk factors | conditions or situations that increase the likelihood of encountering a stressor |
What play an integral role in allostasis? | catecholamines |
What response mediates the fight or flight response? | sympathico-adrenal system response |
Examples of catecholamines | norepinephrine epinephrine |
A physiologic response to the release of catecholamines during the stress response would be: increased gastrointestinal motility, constriction of the pupils, increased glycogenolysis, decreased heart rate? | increased glycogenolysis |
What does the stress response require? | additional available energy |
What does norepinephrine do? | constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure reduces gastric secretions increases night and far vision |
What does epinephrine do? | enhances myocardial contractility, increase heart rate, increase cardiac output bronchodilation increases release of glucose from liver elevates blood glucose levels |
define glycogenolysis | release of glucose from the liver |
What do you need to monitor in patient who just received epinephrine? | heart rate |
What steroids are critical to maintenance of homeostasis? | adrenocortical steroids |
How will adrenocortical steroids affect catecholamines | synergize or antagonize |
Examples of adrenocortical steroids | cortisol aldosterone |
Is aldosterone regulated by ACTH? | no |
what is the primary glucocorticoid? | cortisol |
What adrenocortical steroid affects protein metabolism? | cortisol |
What does cortisol promote | appetite and food-seeking behaviors |
What type of effects does cortisol have? | anti-inflammatory |
What is the primary mineralocorticoid? | aldosterone |
What adrenocortical steroid promotes reabsorption of sodium and water? | aldosterone |
What is aldosterone's affect on blood pressure? | increases blood pressure |
Why does aldosteron increase blood pressure? | salt saving blood volume goes up stroke volume increases blood pressure increases |
define endogenous opioids | body's natural pain relievers |
What do endogenous opioids do? | raise pain threshold produce sedation and euphoria |
what do macrophages secrete during stress response? | immune cytokines |
What do immune cytokines produce? | enhanced immune system response |
What can prolonged stress do? | suppress immune functioning |
Example of immune cytokine | interleukin-1 |
8 neurohormonal mediators of stress and adaptation | catecholamines adrenocortical steroids endorphins and enkephalins immune cytokines sex hormones growth hormone prolactin oxytocin |
how does stress effect growth hormone levels? | increase to enhance immune function |
When is oxytocin produced? | during childbirth and lactation |
What is oxytocin associated with? | bonding and social attachment |
What kind of effect does oxytocin produce? | calming |
How do individual stress responses change? | with time and circumstances |
Effects of stress response are influenced by... | genetics socioeconomic status prior susceptibilities preexisting health status allostatic state ability to manage stress |
Stress response is modified by what? | experience training different conditions |
define adaptation | biophsychosocial process of change in response to new or altered circumstances, internal or external in origin |
define coping | behavioral adaptive response to a stressor using culturally based coping mechanisms |
define distress | perceived inability to cope with a stressor |
2 adaptation methods for stress | habituation desensitization |
3 types of desensitization | biofeedback visualization meditation |
What is an inadequate adaptation mechanism? | allostatic overload |
What chemical mediators from stress response contribute to various illnesses? | cortisol catecholamines cytokines |
Created by:
cdc52591
Popular Nursing sets