INE L1 Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a nuclide? | A type of atom characterized by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of every atom of this type. (Ex: Carbon 12 is a nuclide but it's also an isotope of carbon) |
| What is an isotope? | Atoms with the same number of protons but containing different numbers of electrons. |
| Why do protons and neutrons stick together in the nucleus of an atom? | They are bound together by the strong nuclear force. (Very attractive force but it only acts at a range of 2e-15m). |
| What is the mass defect? | Mass defect is the difference between the mass of the constituents of the atom minus the mass of the bound nucleus. |
| Equation for mass energy equivalence: | E = mc^2 |
| Equation for binding energy: | Binding energy = (mass defect)c^2 |
| What is binging energy? | It is a mass defect between the weight of the nucleus and the individual (unbound) weights of its constituent nucleons. |
| What are the three ways a particle can decay to be more stable? | Break apart, emit a particle, or change a neutron into a proton(or vice versa, usually accompanied by an emitted particle). |
| Alpha Decay | When a particle emits an He nucleus. The particle looses 2 protons and 2 neutrons (4amu). Typical in large, unstable atoms. Z>90 |
| Break Apart | Typically happens only in nuclei with Z^2/A > 45 |
| Change Nucleon Flavor | AKA Beta Decay, common in nuclei with Z < 90. Negative beta decay is when a neutron is turned into a proton. |
| Nuclear Decay conserves: | Nucleons, charge, total energy, and angular momentum (spin). |
| Decay constant (lamba). | The probability that a single nuclei will decay per unit time. |
| Activity (of the sample) | Number of decays/second (measured in Curies or Becquerel) |
| What is radiation? | Energy transmitted in the form of waves or particles. |
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