Respiratory Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
External Respiration | exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between lung and environment |
Internal Respiration | exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at cellular level |
Upper Respiratory Tract | nose pharynx bronchial tree |
Parts of Nose | conchae paranasal sinuses smell receptors nasolacrimal ducts |
Parts of Pharynx | nasopharynx oropharynx laryngopharynx eustachian tubes |
Parts of Bronchial Tree | left and right bronchus bronchioles alveolar ducts alveoli |
Describe Lungs | large, paired spongy cone shaped organs right lung has 3 lobes & left 2 oxygenated blood returns to heart via pulmonary veins visceral pleura parietal pleur |
Gas exchange occurs via ______ | diffusion |
Describe Visceral Pleura | thin, moist serous membrane that covers the surface of each lung |
Parietal Pleura | thin, moist serous membrane that covers the thoracic cavity |
Pleural Cavity | airtight vacuum that contains negative pressure that helps keep the lungs inflated |
Describe Respiratory Movements and Ranges | rhythmic movements of chest walls, ribs, and muscles allow air to be inhaled and exhaled |
Regulation of Respiration | nervous control-medulla oblongata and pons of the brain; chemoreceptors-in the carotid and aorta |
Reasons to Perform Extensive Respiratory Assessment | chronic respiratory or cardiac conditions history of respiratory impairment related to trauma recent surgery or anesthesia |
Chest Radiographs (Roentgenogram) | visualize lungs and major thoracic vessels view alter. in size & locat. of pulmonary structures ID lesions, infiltration, foreign bodies, or fluid shows disorder involving parenchyma or interstitial spaces pneumothorax, pneumonia, pleural effusion, ed |
CT | scans lungs requires pt teaching to decrease anxiety can be viewed diagonal or cross-sectional |
PFT | performed to assess large & small airways obtain info. on lung volume, ventilation, pulmonary spirometry, gas exchange |
Mediastinoscopy | surgical endoscopic procedure to obtain lymph nodes for biopsy for tumor diagnosis performed under general anesthesia |
Laryngoscopy | allows for direct or indirect visualization of larynx requires local or general anesthesia |
Bronchoscopy | examination of tracheobronchial tree for abnormalities, tissue biopsy, secretions for cytological or bacteriological studies patient treated as surgical pt |
Nursing Interventions for a Bronchoscopy | informed consent NPO until gag reflex returns places in semi-fowlers and turned to one side monitored for S&S of laryngeal edema or spasms monitor sputum for signs of hemorrhage if biopsy taken |
Sputum Specimen | obtained for microscopic evaluation |
Cytology Studies | performed on sputum or pleural fluid to detect the presence of abnormal or malignant cells |
Thoracentesis | surgical perforation of the chest wall and pleural space with needle for aspiration of fluid |
Nursing Interventions for Thoracentesis | explain procedure and obtain informed consent performed at bedside, sitting upright, & leaning over a bedside table or on side with affected side up |
Normal ABGs | pH 7.35-7.45 PaCO2 35-45 mmHg PaO2 80-100 mmHg HCO3 22-28 mEq/L SaO2 >95% |
Oxygenation | carried in bloodstream in 2 forms - dissolved in plasma (Pa02), combined with hemoglobin (SaO2) |
Ventilation | respiratory component of acid-base balance relationship between pH & PaCO2 HCO3 measure of metabolic component of acid-base kidneys respond to alterations in pH |
Pulse Oximetry Monitoring | noninvasive method for continuous monitoring of SaO2 |
SaO2 Needed to Adequately Replenish O2 in Plasma | 90-100% |
SaO2 Below ____ Life Threatening | 70% |
Adventitious | abnormal sounds superimposed on breath sounds |
Atelectasis | collapse of lung tissues, preventing respiratory exchange of O2 & CO2 |
Bronchoscopes | used to examine larynx, trachea, bronchi |
Coryza | acute inflammation of mucus membranes of the nose and accessory sinuses |
Crackles | short, discrete, interrupted crackling or bubbling breath sounds heard on auscultation |
Cyanosis | slightly bluish, gray, slatelike, or dark purple discolaration of skin |
Dyspnea | shortness of breath, difficulty breathing |
Embolism |
Created by:
ealongo
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