Infection Control Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Infection | invasion of suceptible host by harmful pathogens resulting in disease |
Colonization | Presence and growth of microoganisms without invasion or damage |
When does a disease occur? | If pathogen multiply and alter tissue function |
What is the chain of infection? | Infectius agent Reservoir Portal of Exit Mode of Transmission Portal of Entry Susceptible Host |
Types of Infectious Agents? | Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa |
Example of resident and transient? | Resident: Ecoli Transient: Flu |
What is an infectious agent? | # of microorganisms present, ability to produce disease, ability to enter and survive in host, and susceptability of host. |
Pathogen | Disease producing microorganism |
Most common Reservoir | Human |
Characteristics of Reservoir | Food Oxygen Water Temperature PH (5-8 Urine/ 4-6 Stomach Acid) Light |
Where can pathogens exit through? | Skin, Mucous membranes, respiratory tract, GI tract, urinary tract, reproductive tract,& blood. |
What are the modes of transmission? | Hands, Contact, Air, Vehicles, Vectors, |
What is Direct Transmission and example? | Direct Contact. Hands of CNA touching patient |
What is Indirect Transmission and example? | Transmitted from contaminated equipment being used. Blood pressure cuff put on patient |
What is a vehicle of transmission? | Blood, Food, Water. |
Most common Reservoir | Human |
Characteristics of Reservoir | Food Oxygen Water Temperature PH (5-8 Urine/ 4-6 Stomach Acid) Light |
Where can pathogens exit through? | Skin, Mucous membranes, respiratory tract, GI tract, urinary tract, reproductive tract,& blood. |
Are patients in health care places more susceptible for infection? | Yes, they can have multiple ilnesses, are older, and are usually poorly nourished. |
What are the modes of transmission? | Hands, Contact, Air, Vehicles, Vectors, |
What is Medical Asepsis? | Clean technique that reduces # of transfer pathogens such as washing hands and disposing of dirty items. |
What is Direct Transmission and example? | Direct Contact. Hands of CNA touching patient |
What is surgical asepsis? | Sterilization |
What is Indirect Transmission and example? | Transmitted from contaminated equipment being used. Blood pressure cuff put on patient |
What is disinfection? | Type of clean technique that destroys pathogenic organisms EXCEPT spores. |
What is a vehicle of transmission? | Blood, Food, Water. |
What is a Vector of Transmission? | Can Fly! : Tick, Fleas, Mosquitos. |
What makes a susceptible host? | Infatns or older adults, poor nutrition, physiologic stress, heredity, the disease process, and medical treatment. |
When is sterile technique used? | Puncturing the skin skin integrity is broken Inserting into sterile body cavity |
Are patients in health care places more susceptible for infection? | Yes, they can have multiple ilnesses, are older, and are usually poorly nourished. |
What is Medical Asepsis? | Clean technique that reduces # of transfer pathogens such as washing hands and disposing of dirty items. |
What is surgical asepsis? | Sterilization |
What is disinfection? | Type of clean technique that destroys pathogenic organisms EXCEPT spores. |
Examples of disinfectants? | Alcohols, formaldehyde, sodium, hydrochloride, iodine, hydrogen, peroxide. |
What do Antiseptic agents do? | Inhibit the growth of micro organisms. |
When is sterile technique used? | Puncturing the skin skin integrity is broken Inserting into sterile body cavity |
Where are most infections acquired? | Health Care Settings |
What is an Exogenous Infection and example? | Microorganisms found outside the individual ex- Salmonella, Clostridium tetani, Aspergillus |
What is an Endogenous Infection and examples? | Occures when part of patient's flor becomes altered and an overgrowth results. ex - Staphylococci, enterococci, yeasts, and streptococci |
Major reservoir of Escherichia colo? | Colon |
Major reservoir of Staphylococcus aureus? | Skin, hair, upper Respiratory tract |
Major reservoir of Streptococcus (Group A Organisms)? | Oropharynx, skin, peri area |
Major reservoir of Streptococcus (Group B Organisms)? | Adult Genitalia |
Major reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis? | Droplet nuclei from lungs |
Major reservoir of Gonorrhoeae? | Genitourinary tract, rectum, mouth. |
Major reservoir of Rickettsia rickettsii? | Wood tick |
Major reservoir of Staphylococcus epidermidis? | Skin |
Major Reservoir of Hepatitis A? | Feces |
Major reservoir of Hepatitis B? | Blood, certain body fluids,tissues invovled in sexual contact |
Major reservoir of Hepatitis C? | Blood, certain body fluids, tissues invovlved in sexual contact |
Major reservoir of Herpes? | Lesions of mouth, skin, genitals |
Major reservoir of HIV? | Blood, semen, vaginal secretions via sexual contact |
Reservoir of Aspergillus organisms? | soil, dust, mouth, skin, colon, genital tract |
Reservoir of Candida albicans | skin, mouth, genital tract |
Reservoir of Plasmodium falciparum? | Blood |
Body's natural response to injury or infection? | Inflammation |
Bacteria that normally doesn't cause disease and resides in human body? | Flora |
Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for treatment of infection that eliminates or changes normal flora causing? | Suprainfection |
Systemic signs and symptoms? | Fever, leukocytosis, malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, lymph node enlargement |
Antigen | Foreign material |
Normal White Blood cell count | 5,000 - 10,000/mm^3 |
Normal Iron Level | Male: 80-180 mcg/dl Female: 60-160 mcg/dl |
Normal Urinalysis? | Nitrite and leukocyte negative |
Normal Neutorphil percentage? | 55-70% |
Normal Lymphocyte level? | 20-40% |
Normal Monocyte Percentage? | 2-8% |
Normal Eosinophils percentage? | 1-4% |
Normal Basophil percentage? | 0.5-1% |
Objective data examples? | Elevated temperature, open draining wound, inflammation of wound site |
Subjective data examples? | Patient complains of chills, malaise or tenderness at wound site. |
Airborne diseases? | Meases, chickenpox, varicella |
Droplet diseases? | rubella, pneumonia, pertussis, mumps. |
Gastrointestinal defeses against infection are altered by? | antacids and histamine 2 Blockers |
Order in which the PPE should be applied before entering isolation room | Mask Gown Gloves |
A patient who has had a transplatn will require what type of isolation? | Protective |
A nurse implements droplet precaustions for the patient with: | Rubella |
Created by:
mmcphail
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