DC NCLEX-S/S Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Mc Burrney Point | RLQ pain - appendicitis (w/rebound tenderness), watch for peritonitis LLQ pain - diverticulitus |
Koplick Spots | Red spots w/blue center (usually in mouth -MEASLES |
Turners Sign | Flank grayish blue - Pancreatitis |
Cullens Sign | Echmosis in umbilical area - Pancreatitis |
Kernings Sign | Pt. supine, w/hip flexed 90 degrees, can't fully extend - Mennigitis |
Brudzinski's Sign | Passive Flexion of neck causes flexion of both thighs -Menningitis |
Caput succinidanium (cephalhemotoma) | Resolves on its own in a few days. Due to edema crosses the suture lines. |
SNS | Flight or Fight- Increases BP, HR, RR and Decreases GI, UO also dilated pupils (blurry vision), dry mouth, constricted blood vessels . Due to increased Ach. Activated by Anticholenergic drugs. |
Chest tube w/ HVac | Continuous bubbling in H20 chamber - AIR LEAK H20 seal chamber should bubble w/ inspiration- Normal Continuious Bubbling in suction chamber- Normal up and down in H20 chamber -Normal |
PNS | Rest and Digest - decreased HR, constricted pupils, relaxed, increased sex drive, warm dry skin. Due to decreased Ach, inhibited by Anticholenergic drugs. |
ANP (Think A~N~P, like A hearts P, get rid of N) | Excretes Na and H20 in vascular space when heart is streched. Works on kidneys. Opposite of Aldosterone. |
Aldosterone (holds on to lots of letters) | Retains Na and H20 in vascular space. Opposite of ANP. Increased = Cushings (FVO) Decreased = Addison's (FVD-shock) |
ADH (think AD is holding on to H, or AD H) | Retains H20 in vascular space. Cause- any head/pituitary problem that can lead to increased ICP. Increased= SIADH (too many letters too much water) Decreased = DI (poss Shock) |
TIA | Mini stoke from small blood clots causing sx of stock but only lasts 24 hours. NO DEAD BRAIN TISSUE. Asa is ok Sx: sudden decrease in LOC, blurred vision, HA, slurred speech |
CVA | Stoke. DEAD BRAIN TISSUE. Most imp to take meds regularly, HTN can increase risk. Before 1st meal check gag reflex. (If in R hem increased risk accident, disorientated, poor judgement, impulsive) |
Stoke | Sudden LOC due to rupture or occlusion of blood vessel leads to decreased O2 to brain |
CUSHINGS TRIAD | -INCREASED BP -DECREASED P & R r/t ICP (shock is opposite) |
Hypoxia | Sx: **Restless and Confused**, cynosis, Increased P and R Labs: Inc H&H and RBC Tx: manually vent w/ 100% O2 Fetal Hypoxia - cord prolapse, shows w/ late decels. Give mom O2 |
Nephrotic Syndrome | Sx: ** Massive Protein Uria**, edema and hypotension Cause: glomerial damage Tx: corticosteroids, turn and reposition (rsk skin integrity) |
Glomerulonephritis | **Infection to strep 1st** Sx: decreased appitite and Increased fatigue Tx: takke vs q 4 hrs (BP), daily weight, diet restrictions-Na,K, protein and fluid Dx: Increased ASO titer |
Rheumatic Fever | **Group A Strep 1st-Fever** Sx: Chorea (grimacing, sudden body movements), joint pain Rsk: can lead to HF and Mitral Stenosis Dx: Increased ASO titer Tx: Penicillin |
MS | Chronic progressive dz, demylenating lesions in CNS. Sx: hyperactive DTR, limb weakness, fatigue, spacity, numbness, tingling, tinnitus, visual changes, paralysis |
CF | Autosomal Recessive (both parents)- causes sticky mucus to build up in lungs, digestive tract Sx: **meconium illius at birth**, inconsolable, doesn't eat, not passing meconium, salty skin. Tx: fat soluble (ADEK), decrease fat, increase Na & mucomyst |
Kawasaki Syndrome | Inflammation of blood vessels, can lead to heart problems) Sx: STRAWBERRY TONGUE |
Gillian Barre Syndrome | Bodys immune system attacks nervous system leading to nerve inflammation. Sx: ASCENDING PARALYSIS, watch R sx |
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome | Upturned nose, flat nasal bridge, thin upper lip, SGA Irritability, poor sucking, hypotonicity |
Narcotic Withdrawal Syndrome | Hyperactivity, Irritability, Poor Sucking, High Pitched Cry |
Asthma | WHEEZING ON EXPIRATION, or coughing w/o sx |
Nephrotic Syndrome | -Proteinuria -Decreased protein in blood -Increased Cho -Increased Tri Edema and Decreased BP |
TEF | 4 C's (coughing, choking, cynosis, continus drooling) |
Basilar Fracture | BATTLE SIGN (bruising behind ear) and OTTORHEA (discharge from ear) -Skull fx at base |
Hepatic Encephlophy | FLAPPING TREMORS (tremor in hand when wrist is extended) -Brain disorder caused by chronic liver failure |
UC | RECURRENT BLOODY DIARRHEA -IBD affects lining of lg intestine and rectum |
Orbital Fracture | RACOON EYES |
Pernicious Anemia | BEEFY RED TONGUE, pallor, tachycardia, Increased R Dx: Shillings test and Decreased RBC, plts, Hgb Tx: B12 taken for life, risk of injury |
Parkinson's | PILL ROLLING TREMORS |
NMS (think S &M) | HOT (hyperpyrexia) STIFF (increase muscle tone) SWEATY BP, R, P all Increase DROOLING |
SIADH | Too many letters, TOO MUCH WATER Caused by Increased ADH SX: Changes in LOC, Increased HR and SG, Decreased Na and DTR, N/V and HA Tx: Diuretics |
Cor Pulmonae | R side HF do do L ventricular failure. **PICK EDEMA or JVD** Sx: FVO, occurs in COPD (bronchitis or emphysema) |
Hypoglycemia | TREMBLING & HA |
SHINGLES | ADULT W/ RASH/BLISTERS ON 1 SIDE ONLY |
MENINGITIS | HA & STIFF NECK |
TB | NIGHT SWEATS AFTERNOON FEVER COUGH WEIGHT LOSS FATIGUE |
CHRONS | D & ABD PAIN |
GASTRIC ULCER | 30-60 MIN AFTER EATING |
DUODENAL ULCER | 1.5-3 HRS AFTER EATING AWAKENS AT NIGHT FOOD HELPS |
PEPTIC ULCER | COFFEE GROUND EMESIS |
PLACENTA PREVIA | NO PAIN & + BLEEDING (think PP no P but Pink) |
PLACENTA ABRUPTION | PAIN & NO BLEEDING (think PA=pain) |
HYPOVOLEMIA=DOWN | Increased T, R, P (weak), SG Decreased BP ANXIETY |
HYPERVOLEMIA=UP | BOUNDING P , HTN DECREASED SG CRACKLES/RALES & PERIPHERAL EDEMA Tx: Semi- Fowlers |
PNA | RUSTY SPUTUM, FEVER, CONFUSION, crackles, hypoxia (worse) Tx: sick side UP |
MEASLES | KOPLICK SPOTS (red with white/blue spots in mouth) |
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA | RED BEEFY TONGUE |
MENINGITIS | -BRUDZINSKI SIGN (neck flex=lower leg flex) -KERNIG'S SIGN (leg flex then pain on extension) -TRIAD (HA, light sensitivity, stiff neck) Droplet = bacterial (CSF cloudy) Standard = Viral (CSF clear) |
DVT | HOMAN SIGN (pushing on ankle and pain felt in calf) |
TETANY | HYPOCALCEMIA Sharp flexion of wrists and joints TROUSSEAUS SIGN (tremor in hand w. BP cuff) CHEVOSTEK SIGN (facial spams, touch cheek) |
CHARCOTS TRIAD | JAUNDICE FEVER URQ PAIN Dx: MS |
ANGINA | CRUSHING PAIN -Relieved by NTG -NO dead tissue |
MI | CRUSHING, STABBING PAIN that RADIATES ARMS, SHOULDER, NECK, BACK -NOT relieved by NTG -DEAD TISSUE |
EPIGLOTTIS | 3 D'S -DROOLING -DYSPHONIA (voice disorder) -DYSPHAGIA (difficulty swallowing) |
RETINAL DETACHMENT | -VISUAL FLOATERS -FLASHES OF LIGHT -LOSS PORTION OF VISUAL FIELD |
BLADDER CANCER | PAINLESS HEMATURIA |
INCREASED ICP | CUSHINGS TRIAD -INCREASED BP -DECREASED P and R agitation and dilated pupils |
SHOCK | -DECREASED BP (loss of fluid) -INCREASED P &R |
WHAT ARE THE 2 SIGNS IN HYPOCALCEMIA | CHEVOSTK & TROSSEAU |
MENIERS DZ | -VERTIGO -TINNITIUS -N/V (inner ear disorder affecting balance) Tx: diuretics, Decrease Na, lay on affected ear |
PE | -***1ST sx SUDDEN CHEST PAIN*** -DYSPNEA AND TACHYPNEA |
CF | SALTY SKIN (lots of mucus -autosomal recessive) |
CHF in INFANT | -***TACHYCARDIA 1ST *** - COUGH |
MENNIGIEAL IRRITATION | -HA -PHOTOPHOBIA (sensitivity to bright light) -NUCHAL RIGIDITY (stiff neck) Dx: MENINGITIS and subarachnoid hemorrhage |
FAT EMBOLI | -PETECHAIE Tx: Heparin |
PANCREATITIS | -CULLEN'S SIGN (bruising at umbilicus) -GREY TURNER SPOTS (flank bruising) -ACUTE ABD PAIN & N/V Tx: Demoral (DONT give Morphine-spasms) |
DIVERTICULITUS | -PAIN IN LLQ (McBurneys point test) (inflammation of the diverticulium) |
GLAUCOMA | -LOSS OF PERIPHERAL VISUAL FIELD (gun barrel vision) -PAINFUL (Increased IOP0 Tx: Miotics, BB (timdol, diamox but not if allergic to sulfa drugs) -DONT GIVE; Cogentin, Atropine, Visine |
ADDISON'S CRISIS | N/V, CONFUSION, ABD PAIN, EXTREME WEAKNESS, HYPOGLYCEMIA, DEHYDRATION, HYPOTENSION |
HYPERGLYCEMIA (HIGH BG) | THIRSTY, FREQ URINATION, DRY SKIN, HUNGER, BLURRED VISON, DROWSY, NAUSEA |
HYPOGLYCEMIA (LOW BG) | SHAKING, FAST HEARTBEAT, SWEATING, ANXIOUS, DIZZINESS, HUNGER, IMPAIRED VISON, FATIGUE, WEAKNESS, HA, IRRITABLE |
SICKLE CELL CRISIS | -SEVERE PAIN, INFECTION, ANEMIA -TROUBLE BREATHING Tx: IV fluids to help with cells getting stuck DO NOT give DEMEROL |
HYPOPARATHYROID | CATS (same as low Ca) -CONVULSIONS -ARYTHMIA -TETANCY -SPASM & STRIDOR Diet: Increase Ca and Decreased Pho |
HYPERPARATHYROID | will cause Ca to increase, PTU pulls Ca from bones into blood -GROANS, MOANS, STONES, PHONE, BONE |
DI | decrease ADH (retains H20 in vascular space) -POLYDIPSIA -POLYPHAGIA -POLYURIA -weakness, FVD, Increases Na Worry about SHOCK |
MYXEDEMA/HYPOTHYROIDISM | -SLOW PHYSICAL/MENTAL FX -SENSITIVITY TO COLD -DRY SKIN/HAIR Tx: SYNTHROID (take in AM on empty stomach) |
GRAVES DZ/HYPERTHYROIDISM | -BULGING EYES -ACCELERATED PHYSICAL AND MENTAL FX -SENSETIVITY TO HEAT -FINE/SOFT HAIR Post Thyroidectomy; Semi fowlers, prevent neck flexion, trach at bedside |
TYROID STORM | -INCREASED T, P, BP Tx: PTU/ Trapazole (prevents thyroid storm) |
CHOLINERGIC CRISIS | Caused by excessive medication --> STOP MED Give TENSILION will make it WORSE (unlike MG) |
MG CRISIS | Sudden inability to speak or swallow --> LIFE THREATENING TENSILON will make it better for a couple min, + rxn |
MG | -WORSENS with EXERCISE -IMPROVES with REST TENSILION test --> makes muscles tense, + rxn-imporves sx (unlike Cholenergic Crisis) |
CUSHINGS | Too much Aldosterone (retains Na and H20) Can be caused by prednisone toxicity -ALL UP (Na, BP, BG, BV) -K goes DOWN MOON FACE, PURPLE STRIATE, BUFFALO HUMP, INFECTION PRONE |
ADDISONS | Not enough Aldosterone (excretes Na and H20) -All DOWN (Na, BP, BV, BG) -K goes UP BRONZING, RESTLESSNESS, WEAK, DECREASED WGT, ALLOPECIA |
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drcady
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