BIO205-CH12-Eukaryot Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Name the Eukaryote microorganisms that affect humans. | Fungi, algae, protozoa, parasitic helminiths, & arthopods |
mycorrhizae | Symbiotic fungi that help plant roots absorb minerals from water & soil. |
mycology | Study of fungi |
All fungi are __. | chemoheterotrophs - require organic compunds for energy and carbon |
Fungi are __ or faculative __. | aerobic - anaerobic |
Multicellular fungi are ID'd on basis of __. | physical appearance - including colony characteristics & reproductive spores. |
Why are fungal colonies described as vegetative? | Because they are composed of cells involved in catabolism and growth. |
The __ of a mold or fleshy fungus consists of long filaments of cells joined together. | thallus (body) |
hyphae | Long filaments of cells joined together in molds and fleshy fungus. |
Cross-walls in hyphae that divide them into uninucleate (one nucleus) cell-like units. | septa |
Coenocytic hyphae lack __. | cross-walls (septa) and have long, continuous cells with many nuclei. |
Hyphae grow by __. | elongating at the tips. |
Fungi in lab are usually grown from __. | fragments obtained from a fungal thallus |
Aerial hyphae often bear __. | reproductive spores |
What type of hypha obtains nutrients? | The vegitative hypha |
mycelium | A mass of long filaments of cell that brach and intertwine in molds - visible to unaided eye. |
yeasts | Nonfilamentous, intercellular fungi that are typically spherical or oval. |
Budding yeast divide __ as parent cell forms bud on outer surface. | unevenly |
Pseudohypha in yeasts | When yeast produce bud that fails to fall away - helps to invade deeper tissues. |
How do fission yeasts divide? | By dividing evenly to produce 2 new cells. |
A budding yeast can produce up to __ daugther cells by budding. | 24 |
Yeast can survive in various environments why? | They are capable of faculative anaerobic growth & can use oxygen or not - respirate in oxygen or ferment carbs. |
dimorphism | Two forms of growth - fungi that can grow either as a mold or yeast. |
How does bud differ from a spore? | Spores produce vegitative aerial hyphae, while buds reproduce by budding. |
In dimorphic fungi, dimorphism is influenced by __ & __. | temperature, CO2 concentration. |
Most pathogenic species of fungi exhibit __. | dimorphism |
Fungi are usually ID'd by __. | spore type |
How do fungal spores differ from bacterial endospores? | Bacterial endospores are not reproduction & dosen't increase number of cells, but fungal spores germinate into new mold (reproduction). |
Fungi reproduce both __ & __. | asexually & sexually |
Asexual fungi spores are produced how? | Through mitosis & subsequent cell division. |
Name the 2 types of fungi asexual spores. | Conidiospore (conidium) or sporangiospore. |
Of the two fungi asexual spores, which have a sac? | Sporangiospore - can contain hundreds of sporangiospores. |
Name some reasons why fungi can grow in environments hostile to bacteria. | Can handle acidic conditions, low moisture needs, & can metabolize complex carbs. |
Zygomycota are __ fungi. | conjugation |
Ascomyocta are __ fungi. | sac - go poof at slightest disturbance. |
Basidiomycota are __ fungi. | club - mushrooms |
zygospore | large spore with thick wall |
ascocpore | Spores in sac-like structures called an ascus |
basidiospore | club-shaped spore (mushrooms) |
Teleomorphs | Fungi that produce both sexual & asexual spores. |
Anamorphs | Asexual fungi that cannot produce sexually - penicillium |
Mycosis | A fungal infection, chronic |
5 types of mycosis | Systemic, subcutaneous, cutaneous, superficial, or opportunistic. |
Why are fungal infections hard to treat in humans? | Because they are also eukaryotic & drugs that hurt them may hurt us too. |
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Ladystorm
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