Assessment Terms Word Scramble
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ASSESSMENT TERM | DEFINITION |
amplitude / intensity | how loud or soft a sound is |
duration | length of time a note lingers |
pitch / frequency | number of vibrations/cycles per second of a sound |
quality / timbre | subjective difference in a sound due to the sound's distinctive overtones |
cutaneous pain | pain originating from skin surface or subcutaneous structures |
modulation | pain message is inhibited during this last phase of nociception |
neuropathic pain | abnormal processing of pain message; burning, shooting in nature |
nociception | process whereby noxious stimuli are percieved as pain |
referred pain | pain felt at a particular site, but originating from another location |
somatic pain | originating from muscle, bone, joints, tendons or blood vessels |
transduction | first phase of nociception whereby the painful stimulus is changed into action potential |
transmission | second phase of nociception whereby the pain impulse moves from the spinal cord to the brain |
visceral pain | originating from interior organs such as the gall bladder or stomach |
annular | circular shape to skin lesion |
bulla | elevated cavity containing free fluid larger than 1cm diameter |
confluent | skin lesions that run together |
erythema | intense redness of skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries, as in fever or inflammation |
excoriation | self-inflicted abrasion on skin due to scratching |
furuncle | boil, suppurative inflammatory skin lesion due to infected hair follicle |
hemangioma | skin lesion due to benign proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis |
iris | target shape of skin lesion |
keloid | hypertrophic scar, elevated beyond site of original injury |
lichenifcaiton | tightly packed set of papules that thickens skin, from prolonged intense scratching |
lipoma | benign fatty tumor |
macule | flat skin lesion with only a color change |
nevus | mole; circumscribed skin lesion due to excess melanocytes |
nodule | elevated skin lesion, greater than 1 cm diameter |
papule | palpable skin lesion of less than 1cm diameter |
plaque | skin lesion in which papules coalesce or come together |
pruritus | itching |
purpura | red-purple skin lesion due to blood in tissues from breaks in blood vessels |
pustule | elevated cavity containing thick turbid fluid |
telangiectasia | skin lesion due to permanently enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible |
vesicle | elevated cavity containing free fluid up to 1cm diameter |
lymphadenopathy | enlargement of lymph nodes due to infection, allergy, or neoplasm |
torticollis | head tilt due to shortening or spasm of one sternomastoid muscle |
anisocoria | unequal pupil size |
arcus senilis | gray-white arc or circle around limbus of iris that is common with aging |
Argyll Robertson pupil | pupil does not react to light, but does constrict with accommodation |
diplopia | double vision |
bitemporal hemianopsia | loss of both temporal visual fields |
blepharitis | inflammation of the glands and eyelash follicles along the margin of the eyelids |
chalazion | infection or retention cyst of meibomian gland, showing as a beady nodule on the eyelid |
ectropion | lower eyelid loose and rolling outward |
entropion | lower eyelid rolling inward |
exopthalmos | protruding eyeballs |
glaucoma | group of eye diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure |
hordeolum | stye; red, painful pustule that is localized infection of hair follicle at eyelid margin |
lid lag | abnormal white rim of sclera visible between upper eyelid and iris when a person moves eyes downward |
miosis | constricted pupils |
mydriasis | dilated pupils |
nystagmus | involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of the eyeball |
presbyopia | decrease in power of accommodation that ocurs with aging |
pterygium | triangular opaque tissue on the nasal side of the conjuctiva that grows toward the center of the cornea |
ptosis | drooping of upper eyelid over the iris and possibly covering pupil |
strabismus | squint, crossed eye; disparity of the eye axes |
xanthelasma | soft, raised yellow plaques occurring on the skin at the inner corners of the eyes |
atresia | congenital absence of closure of ear canal |
otalgia | pain in the ear |
otitis externa | inflammation of the outer ear and ear canal |
otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear and tympanic membrane |
otorrhea | discharge from the ear |
tinnitus | ringing in the ear |
vertigo | a spinning, twirling sensation - "the room is spinning" |
aphthous ulcers | "canker sores"; small painful round ulcers in the oral mucosa of unknown cause |
candidiasis | white, cheesy, curdlike patch on buccal mucosa due to superficial fungal infection |
crypts | indentations on surface of tonsils |
cheilitis | red,scaling, shallow painful fissures at corners of mouth |
choanal atresia | closure of nasal cavity due to congenital septum between nasal cavity and pharynx |
epistaxis | nosebleed, usually from anterior septum |
epulis | nontender, fibrous nodule of the gum |
Fordyce's granules | small, isolated, white or yellow papules on oral mucosa |
Koplik's spots | small, blue-white spots with red halo over oral mucosa; early sign of measles |
leukoplakia | chalky white, thick raised patch on sides of tongue; precancerous |
malocclusion | upper or lower dental arches out of alignment |
papillae | rough bumpy elevation on dorsal surface of tongue |
fibroadenoma | benign breast mass |
intraductal papilloma | serosanguinous nipple discharge |
Montgomery's glands | sebaceous glands in the areola, secrete protective lipid during lactation |
Paget's disease | intraductal carcinoma in the breast |
atelectasis | abnormal respiratory condition characterized by collapsed, shrunken, deflated section of alveoli |
bronchophony | spoken voice sound heard through the stethoscope, which sounds soft, muffled, and indistinct over normal lung tissue |
Kussmaul's respiration | a type of hyperventilation that occurs with diabetic ketoacidosis |
orthopnea | ability to breathe easily only in an upright position |
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea | sudden awakening from sleeping with shortness of breath |
pleural efusion | abnormal fluid between the layers of the pleura |
rhonchi | low-pitched, musical, snoring, adventitious lung sound caused by air-flow obstruction from secretions |
clubbing | bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges of fingers and toes that occurs with chronic cyanotic heart and lung conditions |
physiologic splitting | normal variation in S2 heard as two separate components during inspiration |
paradoxical splitting | opposite of a normal S2 split so that the split is heard in expiration, and in inspiration the sounds fuse to one sound |
syncope | temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased cerebral blood flow, caused by ventricular asystole, pronounced bradycardia, or ventricular fibrillation |
thrill | palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying severe heart murmur |
lymphedema | swelling of extremity due to obstructed lymph channel, nonpitting |
pulsus alternans | regular rhythm, but force of pulse varies with alternating beats of large and small amplititude |
pulsus bigeminus | irregular rhythm, every other beat is premature; premature beats have weakened amplitude |
pulsus paradoxus | beats have weaker amplitude with respiratory inspiration, stronger with expiration |
ascites | abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity, associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, cancer, or portal hypertension |
cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder |
paralytic ileus | complete absence of peristaltic movement that may follow abdominal surgery or complete bowel obstruction |
pyrosis | brning sensation in upper abdomen, due to reflux of gastric acid; heartburn |
ankylosis | immobility consolidation and fixation of a joint because of disease, injury, or surgery; most often due to chronic rheumtoid arthritis |
ataxia | inability to perform coordinated movements |
bursa | enclosed sac filled with viscous fluid located injoint areas of potential friciton |
circumduction | moving the arm in a circle around the shoulder |
kphosis | outward or convex curvature of the thoracic spine; hunchback |
agnosia | loss of ability to recognize importance of sensory impressions |
agraphia | loss of ability to express thoughts in writing |
analgesia | loss of pain sensation |
aphasia | loss of power of expression by speech, writing, or signs, or of comprehension of spoken or written language |
apraxia | loss of ability to perform purposeful movements in the absence of sensory or motor damage |
chorea | sudden, rapid, jerky, purposeless movement involving limbs, trunk or face |
clonus | rapidly alternating involuntary contraction and relaxation of a muscle in response to a sudden stretch |
dysarthria | imperfect articulation of speech due to problems of muscular control resulting from central or peripheral nervous system damage |
dysphasia | impairment in speech consisting of lack of coordination and inability to arrange words in their proper order |
graphesthesia | ability to "read" a number by having it traced on the skin |
hemiplegia | loss of motor power on one side of the body, usually cuased by a cerebral vascular accident; paralysis occurs on opposite side of lesion |
myoclonus | rapid sudden jerk of a muscle |
nuchal rigidity | stiffness in cervical neck area |
paresthesia | abnormal sensation, ie burning, numbness, tingling, prickling, crawling skin sensation |
spasticity | continuous resistance to stretching by a muscle due to abnormally increased tension, with increased deep tendon reflexes |
sterognosis | ability to recognize objects by feeling their forms, sizes, and weights while the eyes are closed |
tremor | involuntary contractoin of opposing muscle groups resulting in rhythmic movement of one or more joints |
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bjml
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