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Chapter 5 Section 2 Test

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1.
How might some argue there was a disconnect between the foreign policy of Athens, during the era of the Delian League, and the pursuit of political freedom within Athens itself?
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2.
Define the term alliance.
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3.
Define stipend. Why did Pericles think this was important?
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4.
8.) Identify and describe Xerxes. How will he try to succeed where his father failed? How had Athens prepared for this moment?
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5.
21.) Who was the patron goddess of Athens? What was she the goddess of? What is she observing in the Athenian painting, shown in your text (most likely on a plate or water jug)?
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6.
Identify and describe direct democracy. How is this different from our democracy?
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7.
Why is this considered one of the responsibilities of a citizen in a democracy? What are some other responsibilities of citizens, in a democracy? How did Athenian juries differ from ours (don’t forget age)?
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8.
10.) What was the strategy of Themistocles? What did the Persians do to Athens?
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9.
11.) Identify and describe the Battle of Salamis. According to tradition, where was Xerxes? Review the map of the Persian wars.
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10.
7.) While the Athenians celebrated their victory at Marathon, what leader cautioned that the Persians would be back? What was his suggestion?
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11.
27.) What was the status of Athens, after its defeat in the Peloponnesian War? What else declined following this war?
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12.
16.) What did Athenian democracy look like, by the time of Pericles? What was his belief with respect to citizen participation in Athenian government?
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13.
19.) What is a jury?
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14.
Identify and describe the Delian League.
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15.
22.) Identify and describe Athenian ostracism. What is the modern meaning of this word? What were Ostraka?
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16.
25.) Who was the most unlikely ally of Sparta and the Peloponnesian League? What did Sparta do to Athens upon her defeat? Why did Sparta refuse to allow the destruction of Athens?
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17.
28.) What was the general condition of the Greek world following the Peloponnesian War? What new threat to the Greek city-states began to rise in the northern portion of the Balkan Peninsula?
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18.
6.) Identify and describe the Battle of Marathon (490 B.C.) and the legend of Pheidippides.
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19.
15.) How does your text describe the years after the Persian Wars for Athens? What is this 460-429 B.C. period sometimes called? What is the alternate term? Why?
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20.
26.) Identify and describe a Greek hoplite. What was the derivation of this word?
A.
The Athenian Assembly met several times a month. The Council of 500 conducted daily government business Pericles thought all male citizens should take part in government
B.
Themistocles warned the Athenians that the Persians would return He suggested they build warships.
C.
After the wars was a golden age for Athens. Also known as the Age of Pericles Named after Pericles the current ruler.
D.
They guarded a narrow mountain pass. The Persians burned Athens.
E.
Salamis was a narrow strait That trapped the Persians while Athenian warships rammed, burned and sank all the Persian ships. Xerxes was on shore watching helplessly.
F.
Athens forced others to be members of the League and used its money to rebuild Athens. Athenian leaders boasted of political freedom at home while it imposed its will on outsiders.
G.
Persia and Sparta became allies. The Athenians were stripped of their fleet and empire. Sparta only wanted to strip Athens of its empire.
H.
Xerxes was the son of Darius. He sent a much larger force to conquer Greece. Athens persuaded Sparta to help the vacated Athens on their warships.
I.
The Greeks were victorious against the Persians . Pheidippides was a long-distance runner that delivered the messages between Marathon, Athens and Sparta. He ran 175 miles in two days. He died after telling Athens they won the battle at Marathon.
J.
Ostracism+banishment It now means to be left out or not included in society or a group Ostraka=pieces of pottery used to banish dangerous citizens without charges.
K.
Athena was the patron goddess of Athens. Goddess of Wisdom She observes voting.
L.
Jury=a group of people that can make a decision in a legal case.
M.
Stipend=pay or fixed salary for a job Pericles thought it was important for poor people to participate in government
N.
Alliance =a formal agreement between two or more powers to come to one another's defense
O.
Citizens were to take an interest in public affairs.and take a direct part. Other responsibilities were joining the Council of 500 and participating in the Assembly. Athenian juries were men over 30 and could be as large as 500.
P.
Direct democracy is when citizens take part directly in day-to-day government Our democracy is where citizens participate through elected representatives.
Q.
The economy revived and it was still the cultural center of Greece. Athens lost its spirit and vitality Democratic government suffered
R.
Delian League was an alliance with other Greek city-states to defend each other
S.
Hoplite=middle class warrior with armor and weapons Name came from hoplon/shield
T.
There was corruption and fighting between the city-states Sparta was defeated by Thebes Macedonia was ready to conquer Greece.

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