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DNA Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answer
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1.
True or False: DNA is not a polar molecule, so it cannot be easily dissolved in water, but dissolves in non-polar solvents such as alcohol.
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2.
What shape does DNA take?
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3.
How many different amino acids are there?
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4.
What are nucleic acids?
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5.
What shape does RNA take?
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6.
What does adenine bind to in a molecule of DNA?
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7.
What are "coding" segments called? What do they do?
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8.
Ribosomes are made of another kind of RNA called ribosomal RNA (rRNA). What occurs here?
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9.
RNA contains ________.
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10.
What does a chromosome consist of?
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11.
What does tRNA (transfer RNA) do?
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12.
Where is DNA found in prokaryotes?
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13.
What are the four RNA nucleotides?
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14.
How do scientists label the carbons in the sugar part of the backbone for both RNA and DNA? How do they label the phosphate group?
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15.
What are the two complimentary stands of DNA held together by?
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16.
What are the complimentary DNA nucleotide bases?
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17.
Where is DNA found in eukaryotic organisms?
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18.
During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase catalyzes the copying of base codes in a gene from DNA to a complementary strand of mRNA. Where does this strand go?
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19.
What are the four DNA nucleotides?
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20.
When does DNA replication begin?
A.
It travels through the cytoplasm to structures called ribosomes.
B.
Protein synthesis.
C.
False.
D.
Guanine and Cytosine. Adenine and Thymine.
E.
20
F.
Hydrogen bonds
G.
A sugar phosphate group and thymine.
H.
Nucleic acids are large polymers made up of smaller repeating units, or monomers.
I.
The DNA of prokaryotes is usually arranged in a single circular chromosome that is located in an area called the nucleoid and may be loosely tethered to the cell membrane.
J.
RNA is single stranded, some RNA molecules form folded structures, and, like proteins, these folded RNA molecules perform various functions like catalyzing reactions and transporting molecules.
K.
Scientists label the carbons in the sugar from 1' to 5' based on their position in the molecule. The phosphate group is attached to the sugar at the 5' carbon
L.
In eukaryotic organisms, DNA is contained inside the cell nucleus. DNA is tightly coiled around proteins to form structures called chromosomes.
M.
tRNA, carries amino acids to the ribosomes and attaches them in the order coded on the mRNA molecule.
N.
4 possible nitrogenous bases.
O.
Adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), uracil (U).
P.
DNA replication begins when the enzyme helicase unwinds a segment of DNA and separates the two strands of the double helix, forming a structure called a replication fork.
Q.
Tightly wound DNA and proteins
R.
Adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C).
S.
The two strands wind together to form a spiral shape called a double helix.
T.
Genes. Each gene codes for a different protein. An organism’s DNA contains the genes to code for all of the proteins that the organism needs to produce structures and carry out life processes.
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21.
What charge is the DNA phosphate in the backbone?
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22.
What molecule begins DNA replication?
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23.
What molecules are transferred by tRNA?
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24.
Many amino acids come together to form a ________.
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25.
Suppose a scientist extracts DNA from one cell and inserts it into another cell. What is the scientist most likely trying to accomplish?
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26.
What are nucleic acid monomers called?
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27.
True or False: One sugar-phosphate chain runs in the 5' to 3' direction and the other runs in the 3' to 5' direction.
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28.
What are the names of each DNA strand during replication?
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29.
What is the most inclusive component of an organism?
Type the Question that corresponds to the displayed Answer.
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30.
The process of building a protein based on a RNA template. Messenger RNA (mRNA) strands are used as the code to assemble amino acids in the correct order to form a protein.

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