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USMLE Test

Enter the letter for the matching Answer
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1.
Thymus: What does the cortex contain and what does it look like?
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2.
What is positive selection of T cells?
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3.
Splenic sinusoids: What are they?
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4.
Innate immunity vs adaptive immunity: How fast is response to pathogens?
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5.
Lymph drainage: What does the thoracic duct drain?
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6.
Where do positive and negative selection of T-cells occur in the thymus?
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7.
Splenic cords: What are they?
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8.
Innate immunity vs adaptive immunity: How are receptors that recognize pathogens encoded?
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9.
What does the white pulp of the spleen contain?
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10.
Where is the red pulp of the spleen located?
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11.
Thymus: What does the medulla contain and what does it look like?
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12.
What is negative selection of T cells?
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13.
How can the spleen be distinguished from a lymph node on histologic section?
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14.
Lymph drainage: What does the right lymphatic duct drain?
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15.
Thymus: Embryological origin
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16.
What percentage of T cells which enter thymus survive?
A.
Pale Contains: Thymic (Hassall's) corpuscles which have a lamellated or whorled appearance due to degenerating epithelial reticular cells.
B.
Innate: Germline encoded Adaptive: Undergo VDJ recombination during development
C.
Spleens have no subscapsular sinus and no cortex or medulla. They have white pulp and red pulp.
D.
Right arm and right half of head
E.
Long, vascular channels in red pulp with fenestrated "barrel hoop" basement membrane and macrophages nearby. Adjacent to splenic cords and contain blood.
F.
Innate: Always fast, no memory response. Adaptive: Slow on 1st exposure but memory response is faster and more robust.
G.
Everything except for the right arm and the right half of head
H.
Epithelium of 3rd branchial pouches
I.
MCH/self antigen presented again. Selects against T-cells that react to strongly to the self-antigen. Binding self too tightly triggers apoptosis signal.
J.
2%
K.
Structures containing macrophages, plasma cells, lymphocytes, and few RBCs. Separated from each other by splenic sinusoids.
L.
Around and between the lymphatic nodules of the white pulp
M.
1. Lymphoid follicles with germinal centers (mostly B cells). Can see aggregation of dark basophilic lymphocytic nuclei. 2. Characteristic central arterioles. Surrounded by a Periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS) which is a collection of T-lymphocytes
N.
At the corticomedullary junction
O.
The lobules resemble lymphatic nodules except they are angular, not round. Contains: 1. Densely packed (dark) immature T cells. 2. Large epithelial reticular cells which appear as holes within the cortical cells.
P.
Selects for T cells able to interact w/MCH. Must bind MHC/self antigen complex w/adequate affinity. Binding MHC too weakly triggers apoptosis signal
Type the Answer that corresponds to the displayed Question.
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17.
Innate immunity or adaptive immunity: Macrophages
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18.
Innate immunity or adaptive immunity: B cells
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19.
Innate immunity or adaptive immunity: Dendritic cells
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20.
Innate immunity or adaptive immunity: Complement
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21.
Innate immunity or adaptive immunity: T cells
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22.
Innate immunity or adaptive immunity: Neutrophils
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23.
Lymphocytes: Embryological origin
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24.
Innate immunity or adaptive immunity: Circulating antibody
Type the Question that corresponds to the displayed Answer.
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25.
Site of T-cell differentiation and maturation (T cells differentiate in the Thymus. B cells differentiate in the Bone marrow)

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