Topic 1: Animal History; Problems Animals Face
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| comparative physiology | the various solutions different animals have devised to the problems they face
🗑
|
||||
| Which animals show up first in evolution? | the simplest ones (the majority of the time
🗑
|
||||
| eons | longest division of geological time
🗑
|
||||
| 2 examples of eons | Precambrian & Phanerozoic
🗑
|
||||
| Which eon consisted of 3 eras? | Phanerozoic eon
🗑
|
||||
| Each era consists of how many periods? | 2 or more
🗑
|
||||
| Very little fossil records in which eon? | Precambrian eon
🗑
|
||||
| When were the earliest known fossil records from? | Start from the Phanerozoic Eon
🗑
|
||||
| Years since era began X 10-6: 4,600 | Precambrian Eon
🗑
|
||||
| Years since era began X 10-6: 540 | Phanerozoic Eon: Paleozoic era
🗑
|
||||
| Years since era began X 10-6: 230 (1/4 a billion yrs ago) | Mesozoic era
🗑
|
||||
| Years since era began X 10-6: 65 | Cenozoic era
🗑
|
||||
| 3 eras of Phanerozoic Eon | Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
🗑
|
||||
| Paleozoic Era | evolution of insects and reptiles (a lot of phylo developed)
🗑
|
||||
| Mesozoic Era | appearance of mammals, ruled by dinosaurs
RAWR
🗑
|
||||
| Cenozoic | evolution of mammals, dinosaurs gone, appearance of HUMANS (largely nocturnal)
🗑
|
||||
| Cambrian period importance | first fossils were formed (1/2 billion years ago)
🗑
|
||||
| Most of the establishment of present phyla and early vertebrates took place in the ____ period of the _______ era. | first; Paleozoic
🗑
|
||||
| In the ____ period, _____ happened so suddenly during this brief time that the preceding eons are referred to as "____". | Cambrian; evolution; Precambrian
🗑
|
||||
| ___ levels in the atmosphere reached ___%, developing a ____ layer good enough for phylo to survive in this period? | O2; 1; ozone
🗑
|
||||
| A number of living things appeared and disappeared during this period that is often referred to as "experimentation" | Cambrian period
🗑
|
||||
| Usually, when a living thing survived thru this period, they are more likely to be something that survives in the present day. | Cambrian period
🗑
|
||||
| In the Cambrian period, ____ genes showed up and ____ of beings happened. | developmental; variation
🗑
|
||||
| The earliest primates appeared less than ____ yra. | 10^8
🗑
|
||||
| First humans appeared about ____ yra. | 10^6
🗑
|
||||
| Earliest recorded human history | 10^4
🗑
|
||||
| The most famous and best studied mass extinction is the one that occurred at the ___ boundary ___ million years ago. Marks the extinction of a large number of ___, mostly marine. Best known for the ____ extinction. | K-T;
65;
invertebrates;
dinosaurs
🗑
|
||||
| Permian extinction caused by? | volcanic activity
🗑
|
||||
| 2 dominant species during the Mesozoic period? | Terrestrial: dinosaurs
Aquatic: marine reptiles
🗑
|
||||
| 95% of the species died off during the ___ period. | Paleozoic;
rapid return of species (insects)
🗑
|
||||
| Dinosaurs died out during the ____ Extinction | Cretaceous
🗑
|
||||
| Louis Alvarez | Discovered an unusually large concentration of iridium in the sediment layer on the surface of the earth 65 million yra. Believed to have been produced by an asteroid
🗑
|
||||
| Potential site of the asteroid impact? | Yucatan Peninsula
🗑
|
||||
| Species | most basic unit of classification; alike enough to interbreed
🗑
|
||||
| Categories for grouping animals | species, genus, family, order, class, phylum
🗑
|
||||
| 2 organisms in the same phylum are considered to have ___ basic body plans | Same
🗑
|
||||
| Protozoa | came first;
simplest;
single cell
🗑
|
||||
| Cnidaria | radial symmetry;
ex. jellyfish, corals
very simply organized
no large metabolic needs;
waste goes out the same way food came in
🗑
|
||||
| bilateral symmetry | we have this
🗑
|
||||
| Platyhelminthes | no put thru system;
flat worms
🗑
|
||||
| Nemerteans | ribbon worms;
probossis worms
🗑
|
||||
| Nematodes | round worms;
complete enough to be a real animal
🗑
|
||||
| Molluscs to anthropods are....? | the most developed
🗑
|
||||
| Acoeleomates | least developed organ system;
guts and internal organs in well defined cavities but not developed, just fumbles around
🗑
|
||||
| Pseudocoelom | has body cavity but not really developed
🗑
|
||||
| Protosomes | mouth developed at the blastocoel;
early embryonic stages are determinate (pre-programmed, so split will have identical but it is still one;
clevage is spiral (less than 90 degree angle)
🗑
|
||||
| Deuterosomes | mouth developes at the opposite end of the blastocoel;
ealy embryonic stages are indeterminate;
cleavage is radial (cells at right angles during division)
🗑
|
||||
| Life arose in an ocean-like environment because....? | 1) salt & water balance is easy
2) water is bouyant, helps movement
3) no temperature extremes
4) radiation protection
5) light is fine for photosynthesis up to 650ft
🗑
|
||||
| Fresh water vs. salt water | Fresh water is more difficult environment because of salt & water balance
🗑
|
||||
| Fresh water v.s. terrestrial environment | Land is more difficult because of:
support and movement
water evaporation
🗑
|
||||
| homeostasis | constant internal conditions
a lot of metabolic energy used to maintain it
have rhythmic variations that improve the idea of it
🗑
|
||||
| water balance problems | osmosis, salt concentrations, waste products
🗑
|
||||
| interstitial fluids | fluids bathing the individual cells
🗑
|
||||
| The values of many features are ____, but ____ rhythmically | not constant;
change
🗑
|
||||
| water balance | regulation of the solute concentrations of the various fluids of the body
🗑
|
||||
| osmosis | total concentration of the solutes
🗑
|
||||
| ion balances | concentration of each of the various salts
🗑
|
||||
| Osmosis and ion balance are ____ related and often regulated by ____ organs. | closely;
same
🗑
|
||||
| Excretion | removal of soluble wastes (urine)
🗑
|
||||
| 2 major classes of proteins used for movement | 1) cilia and flagella use microtubles
2)muscles use microfillaments
🗑
|
||||
| Read over topic 1 page 8-9 |
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
starryeyes213
Popular Science sets