Step-2
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| Which vasopressor matches the following statement: theoretically causes renal vasodilation | dopamine
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| Which vasopressor matches the following statement: high doses optimize the alpha1 vasocontriction | epi
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| Which vasopressor matches the following statement: ADH analogue | vasopressin
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| Which vasopressor matches the following statement: best choice for anaphylactic shock | epi
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| Which vasopressor matches the following statement: best choice for septic shock | norepi
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| Which vasopressor matches the following statement: best choice for cardiogenic shock | dobutamine
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| Which vasopressor matches the following statement: causes vasoconstriction but with bradycardia | phenylephrine
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| The next one, what medication is given to accelerate fetal lung maturity, for how long is it given and at what gestation is it no longer necessary? | bethamethosone for 48 hours, no longer necessary after 34 weeks
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| A pediatric pt presents with red currant jelly stool. What is the diagnosis? | intussusception
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| What are the clinical features of measles infection(rubeola)? | prodrome for 2-3 days, fever, malaise, anorexia, and 3 Cs(cough, coryza, conjunctivitis), Koplik spots on buccal mucosa after 1-2 days. Rash 5 days after prodrome onset. Get erythematous maculopapular rash starting on the head and then spreading to feet
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| What is the tx for measles? | supportive (antipyretics, fluids), monitoring for and treating of bacterial superinfections such as pneumonia or otitis media. Give vit.A
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| What are the classic features of rubella virus? | low grad fever, lymphadenopathy(suboccipital & posterior cervical), rash that is erthematous with tender maculopapuoles that start at the face then generalizes. Fever is mild and generally only on day 1. Polyarthritis may be seen
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| What are the characteristic features of Coxsackie, hand, foot and mouth dz? | constitutional fever and anorexia, oral vesicles on the buccal mucosa and tongue, small tender maculopapular/vesicular rash on the hands & feet and sometimes butt. Usually lasts 3-5 days
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| What are the si/sx of scarlet fever caused by ______ _______? | caused by strep pyogenes. Rash is "sandpaper like", erythematous & blanching, starts on trunk then generalizes, spares palms/soles, prominent in skin creases. Strawberry tongue, beefy-red pharynx, cervical LAD, f/c, later get desqumation of hands & feet.
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| Patients with scarlet fever will have a _____(+/-)throat culture or rapid strep test. | Positive
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| What are the characteristic sx of roseola infantum? | sudden, high fever (exceeding 102F) for 3-4 days, rash appears when fever dissipates, starts on the trunk, spreads over entire body, lasts 24 hrs. Other findings: red papules on soft palate & uvula, mild cervical LAD, edematous eyelids, bulding fontanelle
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| What is the tx for roseola infantum? | antipyretics PRN
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| What is PFAPA syndrome? | Benign 4-5 syndrome consisting of Periodic Fever, Aphthous ulcers, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis. Occurs monthly(q28 days), usually in ages 2-5yrs. Benign and self limiting.
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| What is the tx for PFAPA syndrome? | benign and self limiting. Glucocorticoids relieve symptoms in a matter of hours, cimetidine may be used for prevention of episodes but is of questionable efficacy.
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| What are the classic sx of pertussis (stages)? | incubation 7-10days, catarrhal stag(7-10d)e: mild URI symptoms. Paroxysmal stage (1-6 wks): paroxysms of cough with inspiratory whoop that's worse at night. Convalesent stage(2-3wks): waning of sx
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| What is the tx for pertussis? | azithromycin or erythromycin
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| What additional w/u, if any, is needed in a child diagnosed with UTI? | voiding cytourethrogram and renal US if: child 2 mo - 2 yrs of age, male of any age, female <3yrs, febrile UTI or recurrent UTI, or red flags(abnormal voiding pattern, poor growth, FH or renal dz, HTN, abnormalities of urinary tract)
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| If a pt with measles required tx with medication, what medication would you use? | Vit A
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| What are the 3 Cs of the prodrome of rubeola? | cough, coryza, conjunctivitis
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| What are some causes of desquamation of the hands and the feet? | scarlet fever, kawasaki, toxic shock syndrome, acondynia, SJS, mercury tox
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| How long is the incubation period for pertussis? What is the tx? | 7-10days, tx=azithromycin or erythromycin
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| Which viral infection is characterized by sudden high fevers for 3-4days but is otherwise asymptomatic? A rash will often appear when the fever dissipates. | Roseola infantum HHV-6
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: cogenital heart defect + low Calcium + recurrent infections | DiGeorge syndrome
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis + chronic diarrhea + failure to thrive | SCID
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: Negative nitroblue tetrazolium test | Chronic Granulomatous dz
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: poor smooth pursuit of eyes + elevated AFP after 8 months | Ataxic telangiectasi
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: partial albinism + recurrent URIs + neurologica disorders | Chediak Higashi syndrome
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: X-linked in boys, B cell deficiency, recurrent bacterial infections after 6 months | Bruton Agammaglobulinemia
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: 3rd and 4th pouches fail to develop, no thymus present, tetany present, recurrent viral, fungal, and protozoal infections | Thymic aplasia (DiGeorge syndrome)
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: Severe recurrent infections(RSV, VZV, HSV, Measles, influenza), chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, no thymic shadow | SCID
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| Patients with which immunodeficient syndrome should you NOT give live vaccines to? | SCID
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: Immunodeficiency, thrombocytopenia, eczema, recurrent pyogenic infections | Wiskott Aldrich
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: IgA deficiency commonly, sinus and lung infections, associated with atopy/asthma, possible to get anaphylaxis with blood transfusions | Selective Immunoglobulin deficiency
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: Albinism, recurrent respiratory tract and skin infections, neurologic disorders | Chediak Higashi dz
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, eczema, recurrent cold staph. aureus abscesses, course facial features | Job syndrome
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| Which immunodeficiency matches the following description: delayed separation of umbilicus, abnormal integrins | leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome
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| When do infections typicaly begin in children with immune disorders? | after 1st 3 months of life
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| What are the clinical features of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome? | WAITER: Wiskott Aldrich, Immunodeficiency, Thrombocytopenia & purpura, Eczema, Recurrent infections
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| What is the management of chornic granulomatous disease? | prophy TMP-SMX and INF-Gamma
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