Qualitative / Quantitative Inheritance
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| Def: Qualitative traits? | Subjectively measured. (coat color, horns, etc.) controlled by few, if not just 1, gene pairs.
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| Def: Quantitative traits? | Objectivley measured, exist among continuum, growth traits, skeletal size, speed
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| Def: Phenotype? | The measurement of each trait(expression) how they look
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| Def: Genotype? | the result of both of the indivdual genes and the effect of the gene combos
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| Phenotype = | genotype + enviroment
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| Def: enviromental effect? | summation of all the non-gentic influences
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| Def: Breeding Value? | totaly of all the independent gentic effects in an animal on a given trait.
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| Def: Non-Additive Value? | portion of genotype where gene combos unique to particular animal. NOT pass on the next gen.
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| Def: Selection Differential? | the superiority of the selected animals compared to the herd ave.
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| Another name for selection Differentail | Reach
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| Def: Heritability? | describes percent of total phenotypic variation that is due to breeding value. OR differential that is passed from parent to off spring.
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| Percent range of High Heritable Traits = | 40% +
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| Percent range of Medium Heritable Traits = | 20 - 39%
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| Percent range of Low Heritable Traits = | < 20%
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| Type of high heritable traits = | body weight, carcass traits
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| Type of medium heritable traits = | growth traits, milk
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| Type of low heritable traits = | reproductive traits (litter size, calving interval, % calf crop, etc.)
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| Genetic Change equation | Gentic change/year = heritability * selection differential / generation interval
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| Def: Generation interval? | the average age of parents when offspring are born.
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| What effects the influence of a gene on a trait? | relationship of dominance and recessiveness
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| Def: Complete Dominance? | heterozygote phenotypically indistingushable from homozygote
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| Def: Lack of Dominance? | Heterozygote shows a phentype that is different from homozygote dominate or homozygote recessive. (usually in the middle)
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| Def: Additive gene action? | each gene has expressed phenotypic effect.
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