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Inheritance
Qualitative / Quantitative Inheritance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Def: Qualitative traits? | Subjectively measured. (coat color, horns, etc.) controlled by few, if not just 1, gene pairs. |
| Def: Quantitative traits? | Objectivley measured, exist among continuum, growth traits, skeletal size, speed |
| Def: Phenotype? | The measurement of each trait(expression) how they look |
| Def: Genotype? | the result of both of the indivdual genes and the effect of the gene combos |
| Phenotype = | genotype + enviroment |
| Def: enviromental effect? | summation of all the non-gentic influences |
| Def: Breeding Value? | totaly of all the independent gentic effects in an animal on a given trait. |
| Def: Non-Additive Value? | portion of genotype where gene combos unique to particular animal. NOT pass on the next gen. |
| Def: Selection Differential? | the superiority of the selected animals compared to the herd ave. |
| Another name for selection Differentail | Reach |
| Def: Heritability? | describes percent of total phenotypic variation that is due to breeding value. OR differential that is passed from parent to off spring. |
| Percent range of High Heritable Traits = | 40% + |
| Percent range of Medium Heritable Traits = | 20 - 39% |
| Percent range of Low Heritable Traits = | < 20% |
| Type of high heritable traits = | body weight, carcass traits |
| Type of medium heritable traits = | growth traits, milk |
| Type of low heritable traits = | reproductive traits (litter size, calving interval, % calf crop, etc.) |
| Genetic Change equation | Gentic change/year = heritability * selection differential / generation interval |
| Def: Generation interval? | the average age of parents when offspring are born. |
| What effects the influence of a gene on a trait? | relationship of dominance and recessiveness |
| Def: Complete Dominance? | heterozygote phenotypically indistingushable from homozygote |
| Def: Lack of Dominance? | Heterozygote shows a phentype that is different from homozygote dominate or homozygote recessive. (usually in the middle) |
| Def: Additive gene action? | each gene has expressed phenotypic effect. |
Created by:
maggiemae
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