Meds Unit 1
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| albumin |
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| dextran |
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| hetastarch (hespan) |
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| vassopressor given iv (vesicant drug) | causes constriction and decreases blood flow to the arm; increase risk for developing extravasation.
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| Potassium IV (vesicant drug) | slow IV- 20mg/min
so if doc orders 80mg, then you give
80mg/4 min
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| Furesomide | lasix - loop diuretic
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| This blocks sodium from reabsorbing back into the body | lasix
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| the high ceiling of the loop of henle,this drug blocks the reabsorption of sodium and is useful because | water follows sodium, so that more water and sodium are excreted from the body.
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| How long does it take for oral lasix to work and how long does it last | It takes into effect in about 60 minutes and lasts about 8 hours.
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| How long does it take for IV lasix to work and how long does it last | 5 minutes and last for only 2 hours.
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| which is used for immeadiate/critical diuresis action? IV or oral lasix | IV lasix, because it starts working in 5 minutes.
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| Where would you see IV lasix used? | on someone who has severe renal impairment...
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| Usual IV dose for someone who has severe renal impairment is | 20 to 40 mg IV...and in extreme cases over 100mg.
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| A CHF patient may be on Lasix for what reason? | Pulmonary edema, because with CHF, heart doesn't pump effectively and fluid backs up into the lungs.
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| Other uses for lasix is for patients with which conditions? | edema and htn
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| Why monitor BP when giving lasix? | Because low BP (hypotension) indicates low blood volume....not enough blood to circulate through the body.
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| What is a nursing consideration when BP is too low and patient has scheduled lasix? | Consider not giving lasix...of course we'll need a doctors order to do so.
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| The most common side effect of lasix meds is | hypokalemia
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| What else should pt be on when taking lasix | potassium, because lasix prevents potassium from reabsorbing back into the body and ends up being excreted into urine.
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| Resident is c/o ringing in the ears. Which med causes this side effect? | Lasix causes this and this condition is referred as ototoxicity. This is rare.
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| What do you have to be cautious of when giving lasix to a DM? | May cause hyperglycemia...rare, but it could happen.
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| Hyperucemia | A person who is taking lasix is at risk for this condition.
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| taking lasix could lead to Elevated uric acid levels which could lead to these conditions? | gout or kidney stones.
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| What is the impact of lasix on lipids? | Increases (the bad) LDL and Triglycerides and decreases (the good) HDL
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| What other electrolytes are affected by lasix? | Calcium and Magnesium decreases
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| what drug is typically subscribed with a loop diuretic? | Potassium as it decreases the risk of hypokalemia
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| What nursing consideration do you need to considering when giving lasix and an antihypertensive? | diuretcis lower volume which makes BP lower, giving an antihypertensive drug will drop it even more.
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| which class of drugs is lowered the intensity if using lasix? | NSAIDS have a blunt effect from using loop diuretics.
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| Lasix lowers the sodium level and could lead to toxic levels when using this drug. | Lasix may have an adverse reactions on LITHIUM and can cause lithium toxic level.
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| How to time lasix oral doses | best to time them in the morning and afternoon to avoid night time voiding.
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| what do you need know when doing IVP administration? | the amount to dilute and what period of time.
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| Example of amount to dilute and period of time | Amount is 20mg/ min
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| If IVP lasix is 20mg/min, then what is the minimum time for 80mg? | 4 minutes
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| if IVP lasix is 20mg/min, then what is the minimum time for 60mg? | 3 minutes
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| produces less diuresis than loop diuretics and blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride | thiazide, esidrix, oretic, hydrodiuril (-ide)
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| thiazides, esidrix, oretic, hydrodiuril (-ide) | blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the early segment of the distal convulted tubule.
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| what is the onset of oral thiazides | 2 hours
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| What is the peak of oral thiazides | 4 to 6 hours
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| what is the duration of oral thiazides | 12 hours
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| What is the first drug of choice for therapeutic uses for essential htn | thiazide drugs
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| if a pt has a mild to moderate edema, which diuretic will likely be used? | thiazides
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| What supplement or what would you add to your diet if taking thiazides? | Potassium diet or supplement
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| If a pt is diabetic and is taking a thiazide, what adverse effects do you look for? | Hyperglycemia because it raises BS
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| A person has symptoms of gout or kidney stones, what would you consider the culprit? | either lasix or thiazide
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| Labs return on a resident showing increase lipids (high cholesterol) and decreased Ca and Mg levels you suspect it could be | thiazide or lasix (depending on which diuretic you resident is taking)
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| res who is on either thiazide or lasix is exhibiting mental status changes, diminished turgor, mmm dry with longitudinal furros on tongue | resident is dehydrated
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| dehydration | resident who is taking thiazide/lasix has decreased bp, Incr pulse, flat neck veins is
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| what is the normal dosage for thiazides? | 25-50 mg po q day, qod or bid
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| diuril, diurigen (chlorothiazide) | other drugs related to thiazide medications.
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| Zaroxlyn, mykrox (metolazone) | related to thiazide meds that enhances the effects of lasix.
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| this thiazide related diuretic is given 30 minutes before lasix because it potentiates (enhances) lasix effects | zaroxolyn, mykrox (metalazone)
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| potassium sparing diuretics | aldactone (spironolactone)
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| edecrin (ethacrynic acid) | Loop diuretic
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| Loop diuretic | Bumex (bumetanide) % Demadex (torsemide)
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| esidirix, Oretic, hydrodiuril | Hydrochlorothiazide
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| Hydrochlorothiazide (esidirix, hydrodiuril, oretic) | thiazide diuretics
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| diuril, diurigen | chlorothiazide
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| diuril, diurigen, (chlorothiazide) | Thiazide diuretics
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| Zaroxolyn, mykrox | (metalazone)
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| Thiazide diuretics | Zaroxolyn, mykrox (metalazone)
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| zaroxlyn | Which drug enhances (potentiates) the effect of lasix?
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| This drug enhances the effect of lasix and should be given when? | Zaroxlyn should be given 30 minutes before lasix.
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| spironolactone is the same as | aldactone and it is considered K sparing diuretic
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| Aldactone (spironolactone) | Potassium sparing diuretic
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| midamor amiloride | Diuretic that is potassium sparing.
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| dyazide & maxzide | combination of potassium sparing and thiazide diuretic
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| This drug blocks aldosterone in the distal nephron and allows diuresis | Potassium sparing diuretic such as alddactone, midamor and dyrenium.
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| Potassium sparing | causes retention of potassium and excretion of sodium
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| Are potassium sparing drugs very powerful? | no
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| why would someone use potassium sparing drugs | long term treatment of htn & edema from heart failure.
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| which diuretic(s) are used together commonly with K-sparing diuretics? | loop and thiazide meds
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| dyrinium is what type of diuretic | Potassium sparing (aka triamterene)
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| How quickly does aldactone, dyrenium, midamore take to work | can take up to 48 hours
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| When we say that k-sparing drugs is not powerful, then what does that look like? | scant diuresis
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| Side effects of diuretics | Hyperkalemia
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| gynecomastia | endocrine side effect of potassium sparing diuretics
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| Development of breast tissues in males | gynecomastia- an endocrine side effect from taking K-sparing diuretics
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| Menstral irregularies and impotence | side effects of K-sparing diurtics
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| mannitol | this is the most common osmotic diuretic that prohibits reabsorption of water.
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| Does mannitol effect electrolytes? | No
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| When given more of this type of diuretic, the more will be excreted. | mannitol
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| How is mannitol given? | IV only
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| Why would someone with renal failure get mannitol? | for prophylaxis use, since there kidney stopped working properly.
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| Patient with a closed head injury has intercranial pressure, which drug would you expect to see? | Mannitol IV, since it pulls fluids out of edematous brain.
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| Mannitol IV is given to relieve what type of pressure? | reduction of intraocular
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| The only diuretic that can break through the blood brain barrier | mannitol
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| What concentration would you use for mannitol? | 5 to 25%
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| Which diuretic crystallizes at low temps and can be warmed to dissolve crystals? | Mannitol- after crystals are dissolved, then solution can cool to body temp
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| What do you use to administer? | with an inline filter in tubing so tht nurse doesn't administer any crystals by accident.
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| Monitor what when giving mannitol? | BP, weights and I&O
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| dyerenium (triameterene) | Potassium sparing diuretic
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| midamore (amiloride) is a K sparing diuretic? T or F | true
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| Dyazide and maxide | name the combination drug that includes k sparing diurtic with hydrochlorithiazide
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