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GRCC AD 155
Meds Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| albumin | |
| dextran | |
| hetastarch (hespan) | |
| vassopressor given iv (vesicant drug) | causes constriction and decreases blood flow to the arm; increase risk for developing extravasation. |
| Potassium IV (vesicant drug) | slow IV- 20mg/min so if doc orders 80mg, then you give 80mg/4 min |
| Furesomide | lasix - loop diuretic |
| This blocks sodium from reabsorbing back into the body | lasix |
| the high ceiling of the loop of henle,this drug blocks the reabsorption of sodium and is useful because | water follows sodium, so that more water and sodium are excreted from the body. |
| How long does it take for oral lasix to work and how long does it last | It takes into effect in about 60 minutes and lasts about 8 hours. |
| How long does it take for IV lasix to work and how long does it last | 5 minutes and last for only 2 hours. |
| which is used for immeadiate/critical diuresis action? IV or oral lasix | IV lasix, because it starts working in 5 minutes. |
| Where would you see IV lasix used? | on someone who has severe renal impairment... |
| Usual IV dose for someone who has severe renal impairment is | 20 to 40 mg IV...and in extreme cases over 100mg. |
| A CHF patient may be on Lasix for what reason? | Pulmonary edema, because with CHF, heart doesn't pump effectively and fluid backs up into the lungs. |
| Other uses for lasix is for patients with which conditions? | edema and htn |
| Why monitor BP when giving lasix? | Because low BP (hypotension) indicates low blood volume....not enough blood to circulate through the body. |
| What is a nursing consideration when BP is too low and patient has scheduled lasix? | Consider not giving lasix...of course we'll need a doctors order to do so. |
| The most common side effect of lasix meds is | hypokalemia |
| What else should pt be on when taking lasix | potassium, because lasix prevents potassium from reabsorbing back into the body and ends up being excreted into urine. |
| Resident is c/o ringing in the ears. Which med causes this side effect? | Lasix causes this and this condition is referred as ototoxicity. This is rare. |
| What do you have to be cautious of when giving lasix to a DM? | May cause hyperglycemia...rare, but it could happen. |
| Hyperucemia | A person who is taking lasix is at risk for this condition. |
| taking lasix could lead to Elevated uric acid levels which could lead to these conditions? | gout or kidney stones. |
| What is the impact of lasix on lipids? | Increases (the bad) LDL and Triglycerides and decreases (the good) HDL |
| What other electrolytes are affected by lasix? | Calcium and Magnesium decreases |
| what drug is typically subscribed with a loop diuretic? | Potassium as it decreases the risk of hypokalemia |
| What nursing consideration do you need to considering when giving lasix and an antihypertensive? | diuretcis lower volume which makes BP lower, giving an antihypertensive drug will drop it even more. |
| which class of drugs is lowered the intensity if using lasix? | NSAIDS have a blunt effect from using loop diuretics. |
| Lasix lowers the sodium level and could lead to toxic levels when using this drug. | Lasix may have an adverse reactions on LITHIUM and can cause lithium toxic level. |
| How to time lasix oral doses | best to time them in the morning and afternoon to avoid night time voiding. |
| what do you need know when doing IVP administration? | the amount to dilute and what period of time. |
| Example of amount to dilute and period of time | Amount is 20mg/ min |
| If IVP lasix is 20mg/min, then what is the minimum time for 80mg? | 4 minutes |
| if IVP lasix is 20mg/min, then what is the minimum time for 60mg? | 3 minutes |
| produces less diuresis than loop diuretics and blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride | thiazide, esidrix, oretic, hydrodiuril (-ide) |
| thiazides, esidrix, oretic, hydrodiuril (-ide) | blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the early segment of the distal convulted tubule. |
| what is the onset of oral thiazides | 2 hours |
| What is the peak of oral thiazides | 4 to 6 hours |
| what is the duration of oral thiazides | 12 hours |
| What is the first drug of choice for therapeutic uses for essential htn | thiazide drugs |
| if a pt has a mild to moderate edema, which diuretic will likely be used? | thiazides |
| What supplement or what would you add to your diet if taking thiazides? | Potassium diet or supplement |
| If a pt is diabetic and is taking a thiazide, what adverse effects do you look for? | Hyperglycemia because it raises BS |
| A person has symptoms of gout or kidney stones, what would you consider the culprit? | either lasix or thiazide |
| Labs return on a resident showing increase lipids (high cholesterol) and decreased Ca and Mg levels you suspect it could be | thiazide or lasix (depending on which diuretic you resident is taking) |
| res who is on either thiazide or lasix is exhibiting mental status changes, diminished turgor, mmm dry with longitudinal furros on tongue | resident is dehydrated |
| dehydration | resident who is taking thiazide/lasix has decreased bp, Incr pulse, flat neck veins is |
| what is the normal dosage for thiazides? | 25-50 mg po q day, qod or bid |
| diuril, diurigen (chlorothiazide) | other drugs related to thiazide medications. |
| Zaroxlyn, mykrox (metolazone) | related to thiazide meds that enhances the effects of lasix. |
| this thiazide related diuretic is given 30 minutes before lasix because it potentiates (enhances) lasix effects | zaroxolyn, mykrox (metalazone) |
| potassium sparing diuretics | aldactone (spironolactone) |
| edecrin (ethacrynic acid) | Loop diuretic |
| Loop diuretic | Bumex (bumetanide) % Demadex (torsemide) |
| esidirix, Oretic, hydrodiuril | Hydrochlorothiazide |
| Hydrochlorothiazide (esidirix, hydrodiuril, oretic) | thiazide diuretics |
| diuril, diurigen | chlorothiazide |
| diuril, diurigen, (chlorothiazide) | Thiazide diuretics |
| Zaroxolyn, mykrox | (metalazone) |
| Thiazide diuretics | Zaroxolyn, mykrox (metalazone) |
| zaroxlyn | Which drug enhances (potentiates) the effect of lasix? |
| This drug enhances the effect of lasix and should be given when? | Zaroxlyn should be given 30 minutes before lasix. |
| spironolactone is the same as | aldactone and it is considered K sparing diuretic |
| Aldactone (spironolactone) | Potassium sparing diuretic |
| midamor amiloride | Diuretic that is potassium sparing. |
| dyazide & maxzide | combination of potassium sparing and thiazide diuretic |
| This drug blocks aldosterone in the distal nephron and allows diuresis | Potassium sparing diuretic such as alddactone, midamor and dyrenium. |
| Potassium sparing | causes retention of potassium and excretion of sodium |
| Are potassium sparing drugs very powerful? | no |
| why would someone use potassium sparing drugs | long term treatment of htn & edema from heart failure. |
| which diuretic(s) are used together commonly with K-sparing diuretics? | loop and thiazide meds |
| dyrinium is what type of diuretic | Potassium sparing (aka triamterene) |
| How quickly does aldactone, dyrenium, midamore take to work | can take up to 48 hours |
| When we say that k-sparing drugs is not powerful, then what does that look like? | scant diuresis |
| Side effects of diuretics | Hyperkalemia |
| gynecomastia | endocrine side effect of potassium sparing diuretics |
| Development of breast tissues in males | gynecomastia- an endocrine side effect from taking K-sparing diuretics |
| Menstral irregularies and impotence | side effects of K-sparing diurtics |
| mannitol | this is the most common osmotic diuretic that prohibits reabsorption of water. |
| Does mannitol effect electrolytes? | No |
| When given more of this type of diuretic, the more will be excreted. | mannitol |
| How is mannitol given? | IV only |
| Why would someone with renal failure get mannitol? | for prophylaxis use, since there kidney stopped working properly. |
| Patient with a closed head injury has intercranial pressure, which drug would you expect to see? | Mannitol IV, since it pulls fluids out of edematous brain. |
| Mannitol IV is given to relieve what type of pressure? | reduction of intraocular |
| The only diuretic that can break through the blood brain barrier | mannitol |
| What concentration would you use for mannitol? | 5 to 25% |
| Which diuretic crystallizes at low temps and can be warmed to dissolve crystals? | Mannitol- after crystals are dissolved, then solution can cool to body temp |
| What do you use to administer? | with an inline filter in tubing so tht nurse doesn't administer any crystals by accident. |
| Monitor what when giving mannitol? | BP, weights and I&O |
| dyerenium (triameterene) | Potassium sparing diuretic |
| midamore (amiloride) is a K sparing diuretic? T or F | true |
| Dyazide and maxide | name the combination drug that includes k sparing diurtic with hydrochlorithiazide |
Created by:
Wends1984
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