Intro to Osteopathic Medicine
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| (1 of 2)what is the professional definition of osteopathic medicine? | a complete system of medical care practiced by physicians with an unlimited license that is represented by a philosophy that combines the needs of the patient with the current practice of medicine, surgery, and obstetrics.
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| (2 of 2)what is the professional definition of osteopathic medicine? | It emphasizes the interrelationship between structure and function, and that has an appreciation of the body's ability to heal itself.
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| what is the lay definition of osteopathic medicine? | A D.O. is a physician who can perform surgery, prescribe medication, and receive extra medical training so they can use their hands to help in the diagnosis and treatment of pt. There is also a focus on understanding home and work life to treat whole pt.
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| what are the 4 principles of osteopathic philosophy? | 1. the body is a unit (a human being is a dynamic unit of function)
2. the body is capable of self-regulation/healing
3. structure (anatomy) & function (physiology) are reciprocally interdependent
4. rational treatment is based upon the above principle
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| why do DOs pay special attention to the MSK system? | it reflects and influences the condition of all other body systems
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| what is the osteopathic structural exam? | examination by DO w/emphasis on neuromusculoskeletal system, including palpatory diagnosis for somatic dysfunction & viscerosomatic change, in context of pt care
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| what is somatic dysfunction? | the impaired or altered function of related components of somatic (body framework) system
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| what are somatic components? | skeletal, arthrodial & myofascial structures & related vascular, lymphatic, & neural elements
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| what is the criteria for diagnosing somatic dysfunction? | presence of any of the TART symptoms:
Tissue texture abnormality
Asymmetry
Restriction of motion
Tenderness
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| What is OMT? | Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment is - the therapeutic application of manually guided forces by a DO to improve physiologic function and/or support homeostasis that has been altered by somatic dysfunction.. part of treatment plan
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| what do OPP, OMT, & OMM stand for? | OPP- Osteopathic principles and practice (class)
OMT- Osteopathic manipulative treatment (what you do to pt)
OMM- osteopathic manipulative medicine (specialty)
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| what are the 2 absolute contraindications to OMT? | 1. pt refuses OMT
2. absence of somatic dysfunction
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| what are relative contraindications to OMT? | when potential benefit is outweighed by risk of harm to pt (ie fractured hip, spine)
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| what are direct OMT techniques? | restricted tissue is initially taken in direction of the restriction to motion, push against direct barrier
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| what are indirect OMT techniques? | those that initially position tissue away from a barrier toward relative ease or freedom of motion, towards neutral position
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| what is joint play? | movement within a synovial joint that is independent of & cannot be reproduced by voluntary muscle contraction (ie side to side movement of elbow)
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| what are the goals of OMT? | relieve pain
improve function
increase functional movement
improve blood supply & nutrition to affected areas
increase return flow of fluids via lymph & veins
removal of impediments to nerve transmission
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| what is the soft tissue technique? | Direct technique
involves:
lateral stretching
linear stretching
deep pressure
traction and/or separation of muscle origin & insertion, while monitoring tissue response & muscle changes by palpation
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| define the following soft tissue techniques: 1. traction 2. kneading 3. inhibition 4. effleurage 5. petrissage 6. tapotement 7. skin rolling | 1. longitudinal muscle (m) stretch
2. lateral m pressure
3. sustained m pressure
4. stroking pressure to move fluid
5. squeezing pressure to move fluid
6. striking with the side of hand
7. lifting the skin away from deeper struct. and rolling fold o
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| what are relative contraindications to soft tissue techniques? | acutely injured muscle, tendons, ligaments, or joint capsules in area of body .. could cause additional damage & pain to pt
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| What is counterstrain? | Indirect technique
uses passive positioning of pt
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| Describe Indirect and Direct Myofascial release. | Indirect- move body part into position of laxity for all planes of motion
Directly- move body part into it's restrictions for all planes of motion, using a steady force until tissue give completed
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| How is myofascial release different from counterstrain? | myofascial release has continuous palpatory feedback.. constant adjustment of treatment position
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| what is the Muscle Energy technique? | Direct technique
pt's muscles are actively used on request by DO
muscle contraction occurs from precise position in a specific direction against DO counterforce
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| what is high velocity low amplitude (HVLA)? | Direct technique
utilizes a thrust (rapid force of brief duration over a short distance w/in anatomic ROM)
what most lay people consider OMT
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| what are 4 other OMT techniques? | 1. articulatory
2. osteopathy in the cranial field
3. chapmans points
4. visceral techniques
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| what are 2 indirect OMT techniques? | counterstrain & indirect myofascial release
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| what are 4 direct OMT techniques? | muscle energy, soft tissue, HVLA, & direct myofascial release
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