Cardiology A&P
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| Movement of blood from the right ventricle to the lungs | Pulmonary circulation
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| The ? supplies the right atrium and ventricle with blood | Right coronary artery
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| The primary chemical mediator of the sympathetic division of the automatic nervous system | Norepinephrine
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| The circumflex artery is a branch of the? | Left coronary artery
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| Is located between the right atrium and right ventricle | Tricuspid valve
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| The anterior surface of the heart is made up mostly of the? | Right ventricle
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| The period during which a heart chamber is contracting and blood is being ejected is called | Systole
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| Which of the following is primarily responsible for parasympathetic stimulation of the heart | Vagus nerves
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| The heart chambers that receive blood | Atria
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| The inferior surface of the heart is also called the ? | Diaphragmatic surface
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| The heart chambers that pump blood | Ventricles
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| The thick, muscular middle layer of the heart wall that contains the atrial and ventricular muscle fibers necessary for contraction | Myocardium
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| Coronary artery that supplies the SA node and AV node in most of the population | Right coronary artery
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| A semilunar valve is shaped like a | Half moon
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| A negative ? effect refers to a decrease in heart rate | Chronotropic
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| Innermost layer of the heart | Endocardium
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| The amount of blood flowing into the right atrium each min from the systemic circulation | Venous return
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| The ? septum separates the right and left atria | Interatrial
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| A buildup of excess blood or fluid in the pericardial space can cause cardiac ? | Tamponade
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| Specialized nerve tissue located in the internal carotid arteries and the aortic arch that detect changes in blood pressure | Baroreceptors
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| One of the semilunar valves | Pulmonic
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| Upper chambers of the heart | Atria
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| The percentage of blood pumped out of a heart chamber with each contraction | Ejection fraction
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| This typically results when the hearts demand for oxygen exceeds its supply from coronary circulation | Myocardial ischemia
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| Sensors in the internal carotid arteries and aortic arch that detect changes in the concentration of hydrogen ions(PH) oxygen, and carbon dioxide in the blood | Chemoreceptors
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| When actin and myosin filaments slide together, the cardiac muscle cell | Contracts
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| In myocardial cells function as electrical connections and allow the cells to conduct electrical impulses very rapidly | Gap junctions
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| Space between the lungs that contains the heart, great vessels, trachea, and esophagus, among other structures | Mediastinum
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| This electrolyte is very important in cardiac muscle contraction | Calcium
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| This type of heart valve separates an atrium and ventricle | Atrioventricular
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| Lower heart chambers | Ventricles
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| Pulmonary arteries and veins, aorta, superior and inferior vena cavae | Great vessels
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| The three vessels that the right atrium receives blood from | 1.Superior vena cava 2.Inferior vena cava 3. Coronary sinus
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| Two main branches of the left coronary artery | 1. Left anterior descending 2. Circumflex artery
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| A the end of ventricular siastole, both atria simultaneously contract to eject 10% to 30% more blood into the ventricles | Atrial Kick
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| The upper portion of the heart and is formed mainly by the left atrium | Base
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| The lower portion of the heart formed by the tip of the left ventricle | Apex
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| Part of the atria that receives blood low in oxygen | Right atrium
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| Carries blood from the head and upper extremities | Superior vena cava
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| Carries blood from the lower body | Inferior vena cava
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| The largest vein that drains the heart | Coronary Sinus
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| Part of the atria that receives freshley oxygenated blood from the lungs via the right and left pulmonary veins | Left atrium
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| Part of the ventricles that pump blood to the lungs | Right ventricle
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| Part of the ventricles that pump blood out to the body | Left ventricle
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| The outside of the heart has grooves called ? the coronary arteries and their major branches lie in these grooves | Sulci
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| It encircles the outside of the heart and separates the atria from the ventricles. It contains the coronary blood vessels and epicardial fat | Coronary Sulcus
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| The right and left sides of the heart are separated by and internal wall of connective tissue called | Septum
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| Part of the septum that separates the right and left atria | Interatrial Septum
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| Part of the septum that separates the right and left ventricles | Interventricular septum
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| The process by which the left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood and pumps it out to the rest of the body | Systemic circulation
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| Each ventricle holds this much blood when it is full | 150mls
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| The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle with each heartbeat | Stroke volume
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| The percentage of the blood pumped out of a heart chamber with each contraction. normally between 50-65% | Ejection fraction
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| Patients such as those with CHF, severe cardiomyopathy or myocardial damage from a previous heart attack are said to have and ejection fraction of less then 40% | Impaired ventricular function
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| The innermost half of the myocardium | Subendocardial area
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| The outermost hald of the myocardium | Subepicardial area
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