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ECG ch1 A&P
Cardiology A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Movement of blood from the right ventricle to the lungs | Pulmonary circulation |
| The ? supplies the right atrium and ventricle with blood | Right coronary artery |
| The primary chemical mediator of the sympathetic division of the automatic nervous system | Norepinephrine |
| The circumflex artery is a branch of the? | Left coronary artery |
| Is located between the right atrium and right ventricle | Tricuspid valve |
| The anterior surface of the heart is made up mostly of the? | Right ventricle |
| The period during which a heart chamber is contracting and blood is being ejected is called | Systole |
| Which of the following is primarily responsible for parasympathetic stimulation of the heart | Vagus nerves |
| The heart chambers that receive blood | Atria |
| The inferior surface of the heart is also called the ? | Diaphragmatic surface |
| The heart chambers that pump blood | Ventricles |
| The thick, muscular middle layer of the heart wall that contains the atrial and ventricular muscle fibers necessary for contraction | Myocardium |
| Coronary artery that supplies the SA node and AV node in most of the population | Right coronary artery |
| A semilunar valve is shaped like a | Half moon |
| A negative ? effect refers to a decrease in heart rate | Chronotropic |
| Innermost layer of the heart | Endocardium |
| The amount of blood flowing into the right atrium each min from the systemic circulation | Venous return |
| The ? septum separates the right and left atria | Interatrial |
| A buildup of excess blood or fluid in the pericardial space can cause cardiac ? | Tamponade |
| Specialized nerve tissue located in the internal carotid arteries and the aortic arch that detect changes in blood pressure | Baroreceptors |
| One of the semilunar valves | Pulmonic |
| Upper chambers of the heart | Atria |
| The percentage of blood pumped out of a heart chamber with each contraction | Ejection fraction |
| This typically results when the hearts demand for oxygen exceeds its supply from coronary circulation | Myocardial ischemia |
| Sensors in the internal carotid arteries and aortic arch that detect changes in the concentration of hydrogen ions(PH) oxygen, and carbon dioxide in the blood | Chemoreceptors |
| When actin and myosin filaments slide together, the cardiac muscle cell | Contracts |
| In myocardial cells function as electrical connections and allow the cells to conduct electrical impulses very rapidly | Gap junctions |
| Space between the lungs that contains the heart, great vessels, trachea, and esophagus, among other structures | Mediastinum |
| This electrolyte is very important in cardiac muscle contraction | Calcium |
| This type of heart valve separates an atrium and ventricle | Atrioventricular |
| Lower heart chambers | Ventricles |
| Pulmonary arteries and veins, aorta, superior and inferior vena cavae | Great vessels |
| The three vessels that the right atrium receives blood from | 1.Superior vena cava 2.Inferior vena cava 3. Coronary sinus |
| Two main branches of the left coronary artery | 1. Left anterior descending 2. Circumflex artery |
| A the end of ventricular siastole, both atria simultaneously contract to eject 10% to 30% more blood into the ventricles | Atrial Kick |
| The upper portion of the heart and is formed mainly by the left atrium | Base |
| The lower portion of the heart formed by the tip of the left ventricle | Apex |
| Part of the atria that receives blood low in oxygen | Right atrium |
| Carries blood from the head and upper extremities | Superior vena cava |
| Carries blood from the lower body | Inferior vena cava |
| The largest vein that drains the heart | Coronary Sinus |
| Part of the atria that receives freshley oxygenated blood from the lungs via the right and left pulmonary veins | Left atrium |
| Part of the ventricles that pump blood to the lungs | Right ventricle |
| Part of the ventricles that pump blood out to the body | Left ventricle |
| The outside of the heart has grooves called ? the coronary arteries and their major branches lie in these grooves | Sulci |
| It encircles the outside of the heart and separates the atria from the ventricles. It contains the coronary blood vessels and epicardial fat | Coronary Sulcus |
| The right and left sides of the heart are separated by and internal wall of connective tissue called | Septum |
| Part of the septum that separates the right and left atria | Interatrial Septum |
| Part of the septum that separates the right and left ventricles | Interventricular septum |
| The process by which the left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood and pumps it out to the rest of the body | Systemic circulation |
| Each ventricle holds this much blood when it is full | 150mls |
| The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle with each heartbeat | Stroke volume |
| The percentage of the blood pumped out of a heart chamber with each contraction. normally between 50-65% | Ejection fraction |
| Patients such as those with CHF, severe cardiomyopathy or myocardial damage from a previous heart attack are said to have and ejection fraction of less then 40% | Impaired ventricular function |
| The innermost half of the myocardium | Subendocardial area |
| The outermost hald of the myocardium | Subepicardial area |
Created by:
nju9552
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