ch 1-8: children/family/newborn
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| children eating preference est by | family influence and culture
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| adolescent eating preference est by | peer and sociability
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| single most common chronic dz | dental caries
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| public interventions that has had greatest impact on world health | vaccine and clean drinking water
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| six major childhood problems | obesity, type 2, injuries, violence, substance abuse, mental health
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| figures describing rates of occurrence for events such as death in children = | vital statistics
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| define infant mortality | # of deaths per 1000 live births during the first year of life
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| country with highest infant mortality rates; country with lowest infant mortality rates | united states; Singapore
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| major cause of death for children over the age of 1 year is | accidents
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| four most common cause of death during infancy | congenital, short gestation/lbw, SIDS, effected by maternal complications.
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| three common causes of death during early childhood (1-4) | accidents, congenital, accidents
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| three common causes of death during later childhood (5-9) | accidents, cancer, congenital
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| three common causes of death during adolescence (10-14) | accidents, cancer, suicide
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| morbidity statistics | prevalence of a specific illness in the population at a particular time
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| most common acute childhood illness is respiratory illness which accounts for _____% of all acute conditions | 50
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| nursing is defined as the diagnosis and treatment of.... | human responses to actual or potential health problems
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| family centered care recognizes the family as the _______ in a child's life. | constant
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| family-centered care considers not only the individual needs of a child but also the needs of the ______ | family
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| two basic concepts in family-centered care are ______ and _________ | enabling; empowering
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| atraumatic care is the provision of the health care team that eliminates the _______ and ______ distress experienced by children and their families in the health care system | psychological; physical
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| three principles that provide the framework for achieving the goal in providing atraumatic care | prevent/min. the child's separation from the family; promote a sense of control; prevent/min. bodily injury and pain
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| the establishment of a _______ _______ is the essential foundation for providing high-quality nursing care | therapeutic relationships
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| staff members' concerns about their peer's actions with a family are often signs of a ___________relationship | non-therapeutic
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| in a therapeutic relationship, caring, well-defined _____ separate the nurse from the child and family | boundaries
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| as an advocate, the nurse assists children and families in making informed choices and acting in the child's best interest. Advocacy involves ensuring that families are (hint 3) | aware of all available health services; informed and involved in tx and procedures; encouraged to change or support existing health care practices.
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| pediatric nursing involves the practice of ______ health care | preventative
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| anticipatory guidance | appreciation of the hazards or conflicts of each developmental period. helps the nurse to guide parents in child rearing practices aimed at preventing potential problems
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| to provide high-quality health care, pediatric nurses _____ and _____ nursing services with the activities of other professionals | collaborate; coordinate
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| values found in the practice of ped nursing include autonomy, or the patient's right to be _____; nonmalefiecence, the obligation to ______ or ______ harm; beneficence, the obligation to promote the patient's ____; and justice, the concept of ____. | self-governing; minimize, prevent; well-being; fairness
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| define evidence based practice | collection,interpretation, and integration of valid, important and applicable patient reported, nurse observed, and research derived information.
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| 5 steps of nursing process | assessment/diagnosis/planning/implementation/evaluation
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| assessment | continuous process and is the foundation for decision making
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| diagnosis | when the nurse must interpret and make decisions about the data gathered
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| planning | once the nursing dx have been identified the nurse engages in this to est. outcomes or goals
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| implementation | nurse puts the selected intervention into action and accumulates feedback data regarding its effects
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| evaluation | nurse gathers,sorts, and analyzes data to determine whether the est. outcomes were met; interventions were appropriate; requires modification; other alternatives needed
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| three components of nursing diagnosis are: | problem statement; etiology; signs/symptoms
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| Problem statement | describes the child’s response to health pattern deficits in the child, family, or community
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| Etiology | physiologic, situational, and maturational factors that cause the problem or influence its development
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| Signs & symptoms | the cluster of cues /defining characteristics that are derived from the patient assessment
Community
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| Community health initiatives are directed at either the __ ___ of the community or at __ populations within the community that have unique needs. | general health; specific
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| Target population | narrowly defined groups for whom nurses direct activities to improve the health status of individuals in the group
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| List three traditional community health settings | promoting, maintaing, nursing, public health
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| The study of population characteristics | demographics
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| An increased probabilty of developing a disease, injury, or illness | risk
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| Epidemiology | science of population health applied to the detection of morbidity and mortality in a population
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| The epidemologic process identifies the ___ and ____ of disease or injury across a _____ | distrubution; causes; population
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| Morbidity (dz and injury) is reported using what two types of rates | incidence; prevelence
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| What measures the occurrence of new events in a population during a period of time | incidence
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| What measures existing events in a population during a period of time | prevelence
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| Epidemiologic triangle is fromed by three factors whose interrelationship alters the risk for acquiring a dz or condition; they are ____ , _____, and ____ factors | agent; host; environmental
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| Interventions that focus on health promotion and prevention. Ex nutritional program on how to prevent type 2 diabetes in children | primary prevention
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| Intervention that optimize fxn for children w/ disability or chronic dz. Ex. Asthma dz management | teritary prevention
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| Intervention that promote early detection and treatment of illness or efforts to prevent the spread of contagious dz. Ex. Lead screening | secondary
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| Screening for acanthosis nigricans to identify early type 2 diabetes in children is a good ex of the need to determine the ____ before est. a screening program b/c screening for dz must be carefully planned to ensure the ___ of screening exceed the risks | evidence; benefits
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| Evaluation of a school-based hep B vaccination program is an ex of an _____evaluation, which provides ____ ____ to est. the value of a program to the community. | economic; objective information
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| In community nursing the focus of the nursing process shifts from the individual child and family to the ___ or target population | community
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| A community needs assessment requires the collection of both ___ and ____ information about a communtity | subjective; objective
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| Subjective information includes community memebers’ _____ of their most important needs through questionaires or interviews. | statements
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| A windshield tour is a method for collecting ___ data by direct observation | objective
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| Based on an analysis of the community assessment, the nurse formulates a ___ ____ | community health diagnosis
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| In the planning phase of the community nursing process, the nurse collaborates with ___ to develop a ___ to address the needs and problems of the target population | community members; plan
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| Community interventions often are offered in the form of ___ ____, which are based on the ___ levels of prevention | health programs; three
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| Evaluation identifes whether the ___ and ___ ____ were met | goals; program objectives
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| Prevention type: evaluating immunization status of children entering 1st grade and encouraging compliance | primary
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| Prevention type: teaching 3rd grade about the importance of safety around water | primary
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| Prevention type: assisting 4th grade in complying with meds schedule with type 1 diabetes | teritary
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| Prevention type: consulting with teacher about health education to child with asthma | teritary
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| Prevention type: orgraninzing/conducting a support group for chronically ill children of single parents | secondary
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| Prevention type: screening at risk children for lead poisoning | secondary
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