prevention anaphylaxis immunization
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| primary prevention | prevent health problem; most cost effective | immunization; counseling about safety, injury and disease prevention
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| secondary prevention | detecting disease in early asymptomatic or preclinical state to minimize its impact | screening tests such as bp check, mammography, colonoscopy
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| tertiary prevention | minimize negative disease-induced outcomes | adjusting therapy to avoid TOD
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| why do we vaccinate? | vaccine related risk < disease related risk |
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| what temp should hot water be set to? | 120 F | 5 min=length of time for 3d burn if adult expose to water in this temp
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| define herd immunity | resistance of a group to an infectious agent because high proportion of people in the group are immune to the agent | immuned people help susceptible non-immuned people
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| define active immunity | resistance is developed to an antigen (infecting agent or vaccine); host produce antibody; onset is 1month of dose if vaccinated; years/lifelong protection |
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| define passive immunity | antibody produced in another host; onset is within hours of dose; protection is limited usually 6-9 months | natural-mom to infant
artificial-antiserum or IG
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| 3 immunization principles | remove geographic barriers whenever possible; when in double, re-immunize; IZ deferred=IZ denied | reach out to the population; better to give extra dose; only defer IZ in presence of life-threatening illness
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| immunization anaphylaxis prevention | administer in settings where personnel and equipment available in case of severe allergy |
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| treatment of anaphylaxis in pt with currently patent airway | epinephrine SC or IM and call 911; diphenhydramine IM, any measures indicated by pt response (aiway, o2, IVF, vaspressor, corticosteroids, repeat epinephrine q5min, diphenhydramine, add H2blocker |
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| follow-up care after anaphlaxis treament | allergy testing, epinephrine autoinjector (EpiPen) |
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