vocabulary words
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| astronomy | the study of the moon, stars, and other objects in space
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| axis | imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and the North and South poles
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| rotation | the spinning of earth on its axis
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| revolution | the movement of one object around another
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| orbit | path earth follows as it revolves around the sun
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| calendar | a system of organizing time that defines the beginning, length, and divisions of a year
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| solstice | when the sun is farthest north or south of the equator
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| equinox | means "equal night". when day and night are each about 12 hours long everywhere on earth
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| force | a push or pull
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| gravity | a force that attracts all objects toward each other
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| law of universal gravitation | law that states that every object on the universe attracts every other object
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| mass | the amount of matter in an object
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| weight | the force of gravity on an object
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| inertia | the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
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| Newton's first law of motion | says that an object in rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
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| phases | the different shapes of the moon you see from earth
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| eclipse | when an object in space comes between the sun and a third object, it casts a shadow on that object
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| solar eclipse | occurs when a new moon blocks your view of the sun
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| umbra | the very darkest part of the moons shadow
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| penumbra | the larger less dark part of the shadow
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| lunar eclipse | occurs at a full moon when earth is directly between the moon and the sun
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| spring tide | tide with the greatest distance between consecutive low and high tides
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| neap tide | tide with the least difference between consecutive low and high tides
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| new moon | when the sunlit side faces away from earth
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| waxing cresent | the portion of the moon you can see is wacing or growing, into a cresent shape. (right side)
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| first quarter | you can see half of the sunlit side of the moon. (the right side)
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| waxing gibbous | the moon continues to wax. the visible shape of the moon is called gibbous
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| full moon | the entire sunlit side faces earth
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| waning gibbous | the portion of the moon you can see wanes, or shrinks.
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| third quarter | you can see half of the moons lighted side (the left side)
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| waning cresent | you see a cresent once again. (left side)
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| low tides | occur between the two higher tides.
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| high tides | the moons gravity causes high tide on the sside closest to the moon
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| 29.5 days | about how long it takes a new moon to occur again after the last new moon
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| 27.3 days | about how long it takes the moon to revolve once around the earth
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| telescope | a device built to observe distant objects by making them appear closer
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| maria | dark flat areas on the moons surface
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| craters | large round pits
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| meteoroids | chunks of rock or dust from space
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| rocket | a device that expels gas in one direction to move in the opposite direction
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| thrust | the reaction force that propels a rocket forward
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| velocity | the speed in a given direction
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| orbital velocity | the velocity a rocket must achieve to establish an orbit around earth
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| escape velocity | the velocity a rocket must reach to flu beyond a planets gravitational pull
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| satellite | an object that revolves around another object in space
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| sputnik I | launched by the soviets to begin the space race
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| Laika | the first dog in space
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