4th quarter 9 week exam study cards ch 13, environmental problem
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| What organisms consume most of the waste material that enters into a wastewater treatment plant? | BACTERIA
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| A community of different organisms such as plants, animals, fungi and bacteria, together with that area’s nonliving environment composed of air, soil, rocks and water is known as a WHAT? | ECOSYSTEM
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| What are the main products of photosynthesis (also the main reactants of cellular respiration)? | OXYGEN & GLUCOSE
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| Within both chloroplasts and mitochondria, WHAT element's ions form a gradient across a membrane? | hydrogen
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| What would be the hazard to a wastewater treatment plant if a business were to have flushed into the drains some sort of hazardous material? | It would kill the bacteria needed to digest the wastes.
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| What can form in an athlete’s muscles and causes soreness? | lactate acid
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| What does glucose represent in the plant world? | A chemical for the storage of energy from the sun.
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| How many stories tall are the largest pieces of glacier that calf off icebergs shown in class? | 32
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| The majority of living things use atmospheric oxygen as a reactant in order to complete “what process?” | cellular respiration
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| What is a ‘byproduct’ of photosynthesis? | oxygen
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| Why is the first stage of photosynthesis termed the ‘light dependent’ reaction? | light (photons) is required for it to happen
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| What happens to an electron after it is ‘bumped’ out of its original spot in a photosynthetic pigment? | It bumps into other electrons
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| What foods can be made with the help of fermentation? | bread products and alcohol products
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| Within what organelle is chlorophyll usually found? | chloroplast
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| What temperature is used to melt metal scraps? | 3000 F
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| What plastic product did a small business make from recycled milk jugs and car oil containers (in a video shown in class)? | fences
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| What energy storing molecule is produced (synthesized) in the second stage of photosynthesis? | sugar (glucose)
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| What energy releasing process does NOT require oxygen? | fermentation
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| What is water’s main immediate, initial, role in photosynthesis? | Donate electrons
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| What exactly is ‘it’ that knocks an electron out of the electron’s original spot in a photosynthetic pigment? | photons
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| What color plastic pieces seem to be ingested by animals the most because it’s the same color as krill? | tan
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| From research done and presented in class, for every one pound of zooplankton in the ocean, how many pounds of synthetic plastics are there? | 6
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| How are they restoring propeller scars in the Florida Keys? | using sediment bags
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| What is being found inside the stomachs of many dead albatross birds? | plastic bottle caps
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| According to the research presented, what type of sound frequency would best be used for an alarm to warn manatees to get out of the way of an approaching boat? | high
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| What are some concerns that people have when a landfill is located near their neighborhood? | odor,leaky liners, broken pipes
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| How has the invasive species, starlings, caused death in humans? | cause airplane crashes
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| What things mentioned in class, is a fire ant capable of destroying? | corn crops and electrical boxes
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| What are some things that are removed in the preliminary steps of wastewater treatment? | remove sand, grit and large objects
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| Why do they aerate and stir the wastewater at treatment plants? | It helps bacteria digest wastes
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| What analogies were presented in class to the processes of photosynthesis? | newtons cradle, mousetrap game, hydro electric plant
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| Heterotroph is to CONSUMER as …. Autotroph is to _____________________ ? | producer
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| Why do they cover the trash each night at landfills with six inches of dirt? | reduce pests, odor, and wind blown trash
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| What is the “active face” of a landfill? | site where garbage is 1st dumped
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| Where is the leachate often sent? | wastewater treatment plant
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| What percent of the world’s frozen fresh water is contained in Antarctica? | 90
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| What do : Venus fly traps , people, mice and whales have in common? | all considered heterotrophs
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| There was a conveyer belt shown in a video which has an electromagnetic field called an ‘eddy current separator’. What type of container is effectively propelled across a diverter? | aluminum
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| Why do they flip the cars over before putting them into the shredder? | check for gas tanks
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| Oxygen that is produced within a plant can mainly exit the plant through what plant structure? | stomata
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| Within the chloroplasts, large amounts of hydrogen ions build up due to WHAT EVENT? | photolysis
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| Where does the oxygen formed within a chloroplast come from during photosynthesis? | water being split
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| What is the purpose of the pipes that crisscross the surface of a landfill ? | collects methane
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| What law requires that the US attempt to help save the polar bear? | Endangered species act
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| What are the products of cellular respiration? | H2O CO2 ATP
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| Within the cells of which KINGDOM’S organisms do stomata occur? | plant
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| What are the ‘powerhouses’ of the cell where the second stage of respiration occurs? | mitochondria
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| What process would you expect to occur within a mitochondria? | cellular respiration
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| Within the cells of which KINGDOM’S organisms do mitochondria occur? | plant, animal, and fungi
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| In the past 100 years, how many degrees Fahrenheit has the average Earth temperature increased? | 1.3
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| What is a temporary storage molecule for the energy produced during the first stage of photosynthesis, prior to it being invested in the form of bonds holding glucose together? | ATP
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| Why is photosynthesis sometimes referred to as a ‘carbon fixation’ process? | changes carbon from a gaseous phase to solid phase
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| What special energy molecules are produced as hydrogen flows across the membranes inside a chloroplast? | ATP
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| Within the cells of which KINGDOM’S organisms does cellular respiration occur? | plant, animal, fungi and some bacteria
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| What are three main advantages of plastic lumber over wood lumber? | no rotting, has colors, low maintainance
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| What are the reactants of RESPIRATION? | OXYGEN & GLUCOSE
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| What can ATP be used for? | MOVE A MUSCLE CELL, BUILD A PROTEIN, BUILD AN ENZYME
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| What is the main event occurring during the first phase of photosynthesis? | PHOTOLYSIS
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| Which COLOR pigment is the LEAST effective for photosynthesis to occur? | GREEN
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| How is it that ‘the situation can actually get WORSE’ after an initial prop scar occurs? | EROSION
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| In order to be able to legally dump garbage into the Atlantic Ocean, how many miles offshore must you minimally be from Florida? | 3
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| What are three benefits of seagrass? | PROVIDES A HOME FOR JUVENILE FISH, AND FOR OTHER BABY ANIMALS, AND STABLIZES BOTTOM
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| The BP Gulf oil leak was FINALLY controlled by what methods? | RELIEF DRILLING, CAPPING
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| What boating laws are in place to attempt to make the waters a safer place for manatees? | IDLE SPEED / NO ENTRY
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| What can be done with the left over “sludge” or “cake” that is generated in the treatment process? | APPLY IT TO FARMLAND AS A SOIL CONDITIONER
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| Why are landfills constructed with liners at their base? | SO GARBAGE "JUICES" DO NOT LEAK INTO GROUND
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| What is the term given to a group of organisms NOT native to the area that they are located within? | EXOTIC SPECIES
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| What things must be removed from a car before recycling (shredding) the car begins? | FLUIDS, MERCURY SWITCHES, BATTERIES, GAS TANKS
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| What could be done with byproduct methane gas that is produced when waste materials are digested by micro-organisms? | HEAT BUILDINGS, OR CONVERT TO ELECTRIC
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| The solar cells in a calculator are most like which of the following cellular components? | CHLOROPLASTS
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| At the bottom of the ocean around thermal vents, through what process are bacteria able to obtain energy from sulfur gases? | CHEMOSYNTHESIS
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| In what decade did the US start mandating regulations for wastewater treatment? | 1970'S
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| In the late 1800’s, where did most municipalities dump their garbage? | BODIES OF WATER
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| According to the EPA, how much TONS of garbage is generated on average per person each year? | 3 / 4
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| If all of Antarctica were to melt, approximately how many meters high would the sea level rise? | 65
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| In Greenland, the Ilulissat Glacier has been monitored since 1805. How many miles has it retreated during this time? | 35
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| Why is a mushroom NOT considered an autotroph? | inability to make its own food
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| How does carbon dioxide mainly enter into a tree? | STOMATA
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| What fraction of the US population has NOT ever seen the Milky Way galaxy? | 2 / 3
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| How does research suggest that light pollution affects women? | MORE LIKELY TO GET BREAST CANCER
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| The process of photosynthesis uses light energy for what purpose? | PUTTING CO2 AND HYDROGEN TOGETHER
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| What percent of the stars once visible from the area of the Empire State Building in the 1700’s are visible today in that same area? | < 1
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| What do Large amounts of hydrogen that accumulate inside special compartments within the chloroplast represent? | POTENTIAL ENERGY
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| By what means did invasive species, such as zebra mussels, arrive in the United States? | BOAT BALLAST
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| What is “Leachate?” | THE "JUICES" FROM GARBAGE
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| What did a recent lawsuit force the US to do in order to help the polar bears recover? | ADDRESS THE PROBLEM OF GLOBAL WARMING
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