Vocab and stuff for the ND 8th Grade Science Final
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| the study of the ocean (geology, marine biology, meteorology, chemistry, botany) | oceanography
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| term used to refer to all oceans as a single body of water | world ocean
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| 4 major oceans | Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic
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| largest and deepest ocean, holds 1/2 of all ocean water | Pacific
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| 2nd largest ocean overall in size | Atlantic
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| 3rd largest ocean in size, but deeper than Atlantic | Indian
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| 1/20 the size of the Pacific, parts frozen all year long | Arctic
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| a smaller subdivision of ocean | sea
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| underwater areas that border the continents | continental margin
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| the gentle sloping part of the margins, .1 m dropoff for every 100 m, oil and natural gas, a lot of sea life and plants | continental shelf
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| dramatic dropoff of the margin 70 m/1 km | continental slope
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| caused by sediments that slide down slope | turbidity current
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| V shaped valleys cut into slope | submarine canyon
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| pile of sediments at the base of the slope | continental rise
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| deep depression that holds all the planet's ocean water | ocean basin
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| flat part of the ocean floor | abyssal plain
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| underwater volcanoes | seamounts
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| manganese, iron, nickel, copper | Mn nodules
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| rock like structures in warm, shallow, ocean water, formed from collection of skeletons of coral animal | coral reef
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| 3 types of coral reefs | fringing, barrier, atoll
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| most common coral reef, formed around an island or attached to the coast (Florida Keys) | fringing
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| separated from main land by body of water (Great Barrier Reef) | barrier
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| ring shaped reef that forms on the crater of a volcano | atoll
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| most caused by wind | waves
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| a wave that breaks at the shore | breakers
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| waves break in deep water due to strong winds | white caps
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| manmade/naturally occurring deposit of sand that runs parallel to the shore, forms when waves steal sand off beach (naturally) | sandbar
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| the current that moves close to the shoreline | longshore current
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| rock wall that is built to trap sand from the longshore current | jetties
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| formed when a break occurs in the sandbar creating water channeling back to ocean | rip current
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| partially blocking of bay mouth from sand buildup | spit
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| complete blocking of bay mouth sealing it off from ocean | baymouth bar
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| islands get connected by sand deposits | tombolos
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| the boundary between the land and sea, most changing area on the planet | shoreline
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| a deposit of rocky material next to the ocean (sand, pebbles, rocks) the size of the sediment is determined by age | beach
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| older wide beaches with fine sand, the farther south, the finer the sand | East Coast
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| narrow, young beaches, pebbles and rock | West Coast
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| determined by source of sediments | color
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| obsidian (lava flow) | black
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| granite | tan
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| skeletons | white
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| shells | pink
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| shrimp like organisms, potential food source for humans | krill
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| the process of removing salt from water | desalination
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| contains sulfur, phosphorus, and tin, deposits of heavy minerals | placers
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| 1900- used echo location to measure depth, map ocean floor (for WWI) | German - Meteor
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| 1934- travel 1 km deep in ocean, saw first bioluminescent fish | Beebe and Barton
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| 1768-1778- first to scientifically study the ocean | James Cook
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| 1872- took ocean samples and measurement ocean depth, minerals | HMS Challenger (Murray, Wyville)
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| a special device used to collect and measure sea water samples | Mansen Bottle
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| Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (up to 100m deep, 600m w/ pressure suit) created by Jacques Costeau | SCUBA
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| diving machine with laboratory equipment | Bathyscaph (Alvin)
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| harshest place, from the high tide line to the low tide line (crabs, minnows, clams) | shore zone
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| very stable conditions, from the low tide line to the edge of the shelf, lots of nekton, plants, plankton | neretic zone
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| (open ocean) area past the continential shelf | oceanic zone
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| drifters | plankton
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| plant plankton, eat by photosynthesis | phytoplankton
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| animal like plankton, feed on phytoplankton | zooplankton
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| living things that swim (sharks) | nekton
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| bottom dwellers, plants or animals that live on the ocean floor (starfish, crabs) | benthos
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| long narrow openings on the ocean floor, the deepest part of the ocean | trench
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| the distance between the top part of a wave and the bottom | waveheight
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| the distance from crest to crest, or trough to trough | wavelength
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| huge ocean waves caused by earthquakes | tsunami
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| cold ocean water with nutrients is brought to the surface | upwelling
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| rising and falling of water due to gravity | tides
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| chemical made by some fish, light without heat | luciferin
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| extreme high and low tides, twice a month | spring tide
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| little difference between the high and low tides, twice a month | neap tide
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| the amount of dissolved salt in a sample of water | salinity
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| top 200 m (plankton, nekton, sharks) | light region (sunlight zone)
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| 200-2000 m (octopi, sharks) | bathyl region (twilight zone)
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| 2000 m to ocean floor, very harsh conditions, dark and cold, many fish here are biolunenescent | deep zone
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hunoni
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