Stars and Galaxies
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| show | Changing electric and magnetic fields that travel through space at the speed of light and transfer energy from one place to another; examples are light and radio waves
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| wavelength | show 🗑
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| photon | show 🗑
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| nanometer | show 🗑
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| angstrom | show 🗑
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| show | wavelength region in which our atmosphere is transparent- at visual, infrared, and radio wavelengths.
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| show | the focal length of a lens is the distance from the lens to the point where it focuses parallel rays of light.
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| show | the largest lens or mirror in a telescope.
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| objective lens or mirror | show 🗑
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| eyepiece | show 🗑
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| show | a telescope that from images by bending light with a lens
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| reflecting telescope | show 🗑
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| show | a distortion found in refraction telescopes because the lenses focus different colors at slightly different distances; images surrounded by color fringes.
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| achromatic lens | show 🗑
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| light gathering power | show 🗑
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| show | the ability of a telescope to reveal fine detail.
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| diffraction fringe | show 🗑
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| seeing | show 🗑
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| show | the ability of a telescope to make an image larger.
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| show | the illumination of the night sky by wasted light from cities and outdoor lighting, which prevents the observation of faint objects.
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| prime focus | show 🗑
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| secondary mirror | show 🗑
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| Cassegrain focus | show 🗑
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| show | the optical design in which a diagonal mirror reflects light out the side of the telescope tube for easier access.
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| show | the optical design that uses a thin corrector plate at the entrance to the telescope tube.
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| sidereal drive | show 🗑
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| show | a telescope that allows motion parallel to and perpendicular to the celestial equator.
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| show | in an equatorial telescope mounting, the axis that is parallel to Earth's axis.
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| show | a telescope mounting that allows the telescope to move in altitude(perpendicular to the horizon) and in azimuth (parallel to horizon).
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| active optics | show 🗑
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| show | a computer-controlled optical system used to partially correct for seeing in an astronomical telescope.
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| interferometry | show 🗑
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| charge-couples device (CCD) | show 🗑
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| false-color image | show 🗑
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| spectograph | show 🗑
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| grating | show 🗑
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| show | a spectrum of known spectral lines used to identify unknown wavelengths in an object's spectrum; helps identify fingerprint of spectrum.
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| show | two or more radio telescopes that combine their signals to achieve the resolving power of a larger telescope.
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| show | electromagnetic radation
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| One of the main problems of refractions telescopes in the inability to focus all colors of light simultaneously, which is known as _______ aberration. | show 🗑
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| One of the principal advantages of _______ is that light does not pass through a significantly thick piece of glass. | show 🗑
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| Astronomers overcome the relatively poor ______ power of a radio telescope by combining two or more such telescopes into a radio ______. | show 🗑
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| What is the shortest wavelength between x-ray, radio waves, visible light, and ultraviolet light? | show 🗑
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| The energy associated with an electromagnetic wave is inversely proportional to the wave's | show 🗑
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| show | radio waves
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| the 10 meter Keck telescope in Hawaii is the world's largest | show 🗑
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| show | alt-azimuth mounting
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| for an optical telescope used on earth under normal seeing conditions, the main value of making larger telescopes is greater | show 🗑
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| show | computer controlled thruster are placed under the mirror to change the shape of the mirror several times per second.
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| show | adaptive optics
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| show | observe wavelengths from the near infrared to the near ultraviolet.
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| sunspots | show 🗑
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| show | the fine structure of bright grains covering the sun's surface.
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| convection | show 🗑
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| filtergram | show 🗑
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| show | small, flamelike projections in the chromosphere of the sun.
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| show | very large convective features in the sun's surface.
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| magnetic carpet | show 🗑
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| show | rapidly moving atoms and ions that escape from the solar corona and blow outward through the solar system.
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| show | the study of the interior of the sun by the analysis of its modes of vibration.
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| show | a graph showing the latitude of sunspots versus time.
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| show | the splitting of spectral lines into multiple components when the atoms are in a magnetic field.
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| Maunder minimum | show 🗑
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| show | magnetic regions on the solar surface that include sunspots, prominences, flares, and similar features.
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| show | the rotation of a body in which different parts ot the body have different periods of rotation.
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| dynamo effect | show 🗑
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| Babock model | show 🗑
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| show | one of the four forces of nature; is responsible for some form of radioactive decay.
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| strong force | show 🗑
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| nuclear fission | show 🗑
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| nuclear fusions | show 🗑
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| prominence | show 🗑
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| flares | show 🗑
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| reconnection | show 🗑
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| auroras | show 🗑
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| coronal holes | show 🗑
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| coronal mass ejections (CMEs) | show 🗑
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| Coulomb barrier | show 🗑
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| proton-proton chain | show 🗑
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| show | an isotope of hydrogen in which the nucleus contains one proton and one neutron.
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| neutrino | show 🗑
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| show | fusion
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| in the proton-proton chain, energy appears in the from of gamma rays, neutrinos, and | show 🗑
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| in the first reaction of the proton-proton chain, two protons combine to form a heavy hydrogen nucleus called | show 🗑
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| an average sunspot is _______ the size of Earth. | show 🗑
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| show | prominences
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| Energy in the solar wind guided by Earth's magnetic field excites gases in the upper atmosphere and produces __________. | show 🗑
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| what is the sequence of the layers of the solar atmosphere from the inside out? | show 🗑
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| show | core, radiative zone, convective zone
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| show | a progressive tangling of the solar magnetic field.
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| show | cool weather
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| granules just below the photosphere are cause by what kind of heating? | show 🗑
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| When referring to the absorption lines in a spectrum, the photons of specific wavelengths are absorbed in the sun's what? | show 🗑
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| show | the strength of the magnetic field.
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| show | at sunspot maximum
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| show | in 8 minutes.
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| show | the slowest near the poles.
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| the four fundamental forces are | show 🗑
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| show | the theory that the planets formed from the same cloud of gas and dust that formed the sun.
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| show | a planet orbiting a star other than the sun; also known as the exosolar planet.
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| asteroid | show 🗑
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| comet | show 🗑
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| terrestrial planet | show 🗑
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| jovian planet | show 🗑
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| show | the four largest satellites of Jupiter, names after their discoverer.
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| meteor | show 🗑
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| meteorite | show 🗑
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| meteoroid | show 🗑
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| half-life | show 🗑
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| gravitational collapse | show 🗑
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| uncompressed density | show 🗑
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| condensation sequence | show 🗑
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| planetesimal | show 🗑
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| condensation | show 🗑
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| show | the sticking together of solid particles to produce a larger particle
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| show | massive object resulting from the coalescence of planetesimals in the solar nebula and destined to become a planet.
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| differentiation | show 🗑
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| outgassing | show 🗑
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| show | in planetology, the heat released by infalling matter during the formation of a planetary body.
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| radiation pressure | show 🗑
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| show | the intense cratering during the first 0.5 billion years in the history of the solar system.
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| snowline | show 🗑
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| Kupier belt | show 🗑
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| show | the hypothetical source of comets. A swarm of icy bodies believed to lie in a spherical shell extending to 100,000 AU from the sun.
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| show | condensation
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| show | dirty snowball, comets
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| show | solar nebula
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| the ______ planets have lower average densities than the _______ planets. | show 🗑
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| Planets begin to form when _______ join to make larger objects called ________. | show 🗑
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| Evidence of cratering on the moon and other terrestrial planets suggests that Earth what? | show 🗑
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| Because of Earth's low mass, our planet's atmosphere contains what? | show 🗑
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| The orbits of the planets | show 🗑
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| Each of the planets in our solar system orbits the sun | show 🗑
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| The orbits of the planets lie mainly in the same plane because the planets | show 🗑
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| The solar system has relatively little gas and dust between the planets. The lack of this material is probably the result of what? | show 🗑
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| The solar nebula theory describes how the planets formed from | show 🗑
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| The terrestrial planets nearest the sun are | show 🗑
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| show | hydrogen and helium.
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| Most asteroid revolve around the sun between the orbits of | show 🗑
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| Objects made mostly of ice that form a large gaseous "tail" that is directed away from the sun at all times are called | show 🗑
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| Formation of planetesimals by condensation refers to the process of | show 🗑
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| show | accretion
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| show | differentiation.
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| The interiors of Jupiter and Saturn consist mostly of | show 🗑
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| Low density and cold dust disks have been found around many stars. These disks are believed to be regions where planets have been formed or are in the process of forming. The disks are most readily detected by | show 🗑
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| show | Doppler shifts in the star's spectrum as the planet orbits, causing the star to wobble back and forth.
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| show | the Kuiper belt and the Oort cloud.
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| show | Kuiper belt.
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