med/srg respiratory
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| Respiratory system influences | Acid-base balance, smell, fluid balance, temperature control
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| Right Lung Vs. Left Lung | right lung has 3 lobes, left lung has 2 lobes. 60-65% of respiratory function occurs in the right lung
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| Difference of light and dark skinned people | darker skinned ind. usually show a lower oxygen saturation (3-5%)
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| Occupational Lung Disease | pneumoiconiosis- results from inhalation of dust such as coal, stone or silicone. Toxic lung injury. hypersensitivity disease such as latex allergy
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| important in assessment | determine exposure to irritants, living conditions, hobbies, leisure activities, social hx (smoking and drug use), travel
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| Smoking pack in years | # of packs smoked per day multiplied by # of years smoked
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| Main sign of lung disease | coughing
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| Sputum production | check for color, amount, duration, ordor and amount. Blood is sign of lung cancer. excessive pink, frothy sputum is common with oulmonary edema
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| Barrel Chest | A:P diameter should be 1:2 with barrel chest is 2:2
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| Crepitus | Occurs when air is trapped in and under the skin. Feels like a crackling sensation under the fingertips such as bubble wrap
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| Indicators of respiratory adequacy includes | clubbing, weight loss, cyanosis, unevenly developed muscles, change in skin and mucous membrane coloring, nail beds
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| Pulmonary function test | Evaluates lung function and breathing problems. tests include lung volumes and capacities, flow rate, diffusion capacity, gas exchange, airway resistance
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| Throacentesis | the aspiration of pleural fluid or air from the pleural space. pt will feel pressure when needle inserted. have pt lean foward and remain still
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| Lung Biopsy | performed to obtain tissue for histologic analysis. can be done in pt room. Assess vitals and breath q4h for 24hr. pneumothorax indicated by dec breath sounds. monitor for hemoptysis- blood in sputum
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| Elderly | increased A:P diameter. dec musculotory strenght. inc residual volume
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| Left vs right sided heart failure | LHF: distended jugular, apnea. RHF: periferal edema
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| Histoplasmosis | fungal disease from inhaling contaminated dust, mainly central america
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| Coccidiodomy | Fungal and Hanta virus. southwestern, US, Mexico, Central America
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| Lab tests. HCO3, PaO2, PaCO2, hemoglobin, RBC, WBC | HCO3- 21-28. PaO2- 80-100. PaCO2- 35-45. hemoglobin- 12-18. RBC-4-6million. WBC-5-10,000
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