Buddhism, Confuciusism and Taoism
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| Amaterasu | Japanese sun goddess; ancestor of the Emperor
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| Yang | male cosmic energy principle in ancient China
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| Asoka 270-270 B.C.E. | Emperor who spread Buddhism in Southeast Asia
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| Bodhisattva | a Buddha who decides to stay in this world to help the rest of us; a personal savior or role model in Mahayana Buddhism
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| Bonism | the indigenous religion of Tibet, before Buddhism
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| Buddha | "enlightened one"; mystic Siddharta Gautama Sayka was the original Buddha around 500 B.C.E.
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| Buddhism | monastic, soteriological religion; founded by Gautama; proselytizing, spread from India to East Asia
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| Bushido | Japanese code of knights' chivalry; blends Confucian ethics, Shinto ritual, Zen self-discipline
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| Cao Dai | a 20th century Vietnamese sect synthesizing Buddhism, Confucianism, Christianity, and indigenous animistic traditions
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| Compassion | a central Buddhist virtue exemplified by Bodhisattvas
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| Confucius 552-469 B.C.E. | Chinese philosopher, teacher; emphasized duty to family, unequal relationships, moderation
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| Daoism | also called Taoism; Chinese religion; emphasis on nature mysticism (Laozi), alchemy, hermits, hedonism
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| Detachment | a central Buddhist virtue of the Theravada school: do not get too concerned about the world's suffering
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| Dharma | Buddhist and Hindu term for doctrine, duty, or teaching
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| Dualism | doctrine of two forces or realms
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| Eight fold path | Buddhist formula for spiritual life on earth
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| Enlightenment | in Buddhism, the mental & spiritual state of salvation; also an 18th century European movement emphasizing science, secularism, humanism
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| Filial piety | devotion, respect, ritual performance for one's family and ancestors
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| Gautama Siddharta | 6th century B.C.E. Indian prince who became the Buddha, a mystic who proselytized, developed monasteries
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| I Ching, Yi Jing | a handbook for ancient Chinese divination using hexagrams
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| Koan | Zen riddle or mental puzzle, designed to produce enlightenment
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| Lama | Tibetan Buddhist head monk
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| Lao, Laozi | 6th century B.C.E. Chinese, mystical Daoist; opposed social conventions; "Follow nature, unite with the Dao"; advocated perfect government of minimal structure
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| Mahayana | “big ferryboat” Buddhism common in China, Japan; emphasizes bodhisattvas, "Worship Buddha as savior"
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| Mo, Mohism, Moism | Chinese religion which taught love and a personal heaven; founder Mo Ti (Mozi) 475-395 B.C.E.
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| Nichiren | 13th century Japanese Buddhist prophet, demanded a national shrine; emphasized chanting, inspired Soka Gakkai
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| Nirvana | Buddhist concept of salvation; liberation from the cycle of suffering and reincarnation
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| Noble truths | Buddhist doctrine that life is suffering caused by desire
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| Pagoda | Buddhist temple or shrine used for ritual activity
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| Roshi | Japanese title for Buddhist master teacher, a guru
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| Sakya | clan to which Gautama Buddha was born
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| Sakyamuni | a term used especially in Japan to describe Siddhartha Gautama Sakya, in order to distinguish him from other Buddhas
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| Satori | Zen Buddhist term for mystical experience
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| Shinto | indigenous Japanese religion; emphasizes nature, spirits, clan, ancestors, nation
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| Soka Gakkai | modern Japanese Buddhist sect stressing chanting for financial success, political power; inspired by 13th century prophet Nichiren
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| Stupa | a Buddhist burial site which has become a shrine
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| Theravada | Hinayana Buddhism; predominant in southeast Asia; emphasizes individual salvation
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| Wheel | Buddhist and Jain symbol for life as suffering and transmigration
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| Yin | female cosmic energy principle in ancient China
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| Yin Yang school | Chinese school of folk medicine, divination
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| Zen | a meditative, mystical sect of Buddhism in China, Japan
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