Physical Therapy Strength
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| What is isotonic? | constant load, variable speed
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| What are the types of Strength Training? | resistance & therapeutic
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| Physical activity is intended to? | increase muscle strength and mass
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| Strength training is critical for? | maintaining, enhancing and regaining strength to improve body function during all phases of recovery
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| What is resistance exercise? | active exercise in which a dynamic or static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force
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| What is therapeutic exercise? | resistance training applied in a systematic and individualized manner designed to improve, restore, or enhance physical function.
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| Muscle strength is determined by: | neural control, cross-sectional area, muscle fiber arrangement, muscle length, angle of pull & fiber type distribution.
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| What is neural control? | nerves that tell muscles what to do
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| What are fiber type distribution? | Type 1 or Type 2
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| What are some muscle fiber types? | slow twitch & fast twitch
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| What is slow twitch? | Type 1, red oxidative (uses oxygen)
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| What does slow twitch have? | large numerous mitochondra (energy), triglycerides, enzymes for aerobic work
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| What is slow twitch good for? | endurance activities
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| What is fast twitch? | Type II, which glycolytic (lack of oxygen)
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| What does fast twitch have? | high levels of myosin ATPase provides energy for speed of contraction and tension
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| What does fast twitch do? | contracts at a higher speed than type 1 fibers
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| What are some characteristics of slow twitch: type 1? | aerobic work, endurance activities, fatigue resistant, red-vascular (like legs of chicken)
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| What are some characteristics of fast twitch: type 2? | anaerobic work, speed, strength & power, not as much blood flow as type 1, phasic muscles, contract with more force than type 1, high level of myosin - ATPase
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| What is lack of muscle activity called? | Atrophy
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| Slow twitch has small or larger neurons? | smaller
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| What are the muscle contraction types? | concentric & eccentric
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| What is concentric? | approximation of origin & insertion, muscle shortening
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| What is eccentric? | origin & insertion become farther apart, muscle is lengthened
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| What does eccentric do? | more energy efficient, produces greater tension, stimulates both contractile & noncontractile elements
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| What is isometric? | tension produced but no motion, no change in joint angle
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| What is isotonic? | tension produced with joint motion, constant resistance, force, load or tension (bicep curls or bench press)
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| What is isokentic? | tension produced with constant speed regardless of force (machine)
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| What has greater force lowering? Concentric exercises, isometrics, eccentrics | Eccentrics
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| What is strength? | The ability of a muscle to generate force by a single muscle or related muscle group.
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| What is power? | The ability to exert force under a given set of conditions defined by body position
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| How do you measure strength? | manual muscle testing
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| How do you figure Strength? | work = F x D
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| How do you figure Power? | = F x D/Time
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| What is overload principle? | application of a load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle
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| What is SAID principle? | Specific adaptations to imposed demands
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| What is progression principle? | intensity of the program must become progressively greater to continue making gains
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| What is reversibility principle? | changes are transient unless training induced improvements are regularly used
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| What is a muscle response to exercise? | frequency, duration, intensity
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| When a muscle response to exercise is does what? | exceed normal function, be specific, revert to pre-training state
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| Hypertrophy after exercise is what? | increase in individual muscle fiber size due to increase in synthesis of Actin & Myosin, biomechanical adaptations - increased activity & qty of enzymes for energy production
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| Type 1 Muscle response is for what type of runner? | long distance runner
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| Type 2 Muscle response is for what type of runner? | sprinter
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Created by:
jklincoln
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