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PT Strength
Physical Therapy Strength
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is isotonic? | constant load, variable speed |
| What are the types of Strength Training? | resistance & therapeutic |
| Physical activity is intended to? | increase muscle strength and mass |
| Strength training is critical for? | maintaining, enhancing and regaining strength to improve body function during all phases of recovery |
| What is resistance exercise? | active exercise in which a dynamic or static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force |
| What is therapeutic exercise? | resistance training applied in a systematic and individualized manner designed to improve, restore, or enhance physical function. |
| Muscle strength is determined by: | neural control, cross-sectional area, muscle fiber arrangement, muscle length, angle of pull & fiber type distribution. |
| What is neural control? | nerves that tell muscles what to do |
| What are fiber type distribution? | Type 1 or Type 2 |
| What are some muscle fiber types? | slow twitch & fast twitch |
| What is slow twitch? | Type 1, red oxidative (uses oxygen) |
| What does slow twitch have? | large numerous mitochondra (energy), triglycerides, enzymes for aerobic work |
| What is slow twitch good for? | endurance activities |
| What is fast twitch? | Type II, which glycolytic (lack of oxygen) |
| What does fast twitch have? | high levels of myosin ATPase provides energy for speed of contraction and tension |
| What does fast twitch do? | contracts at a higher speed than type 1 fibers |
| What are some characteristics of slow twitch: type 1? | aerobic work, endurance activities, fatigue resistant, red-vascular (like legs of chicken) |
| What are some characteristics of fast twitch: type 2? | anaerobic work, speed, strength & power, not as much blood flow as type 1, phasic muscles, contract with more force than type 1, high level of myosin - ATPase |
| What is lack of muscle activity called? | Atrophy |
| Slow twitch has small or larger neurons? | smaller |
| What are the muscle contraction types? | concentric & eccentric |
| What is concentric? | approximation of origin & insertion, muscle shortening |
| What is eccentric? | origin & insertion become farther apart, muscle is lengthened |
| What does eccentric do? | more energy efficient, produces greater tension, stimulates both contractile & noncontractile elements |
| What is isometric? | tension produced but no motion, no change in joint angle |
| What is isotonic? | tension produced with joint motion, constant resistance, force, load or tension (bicep curls or bench press) |
| What is isokentic? | tension produced with constant speed regardless of force (machine) |
| What has greater force lowering? Concentric exercises, isometrics, eccentrics | Eccentrics |
| What is strength? | The ability of a muscle to generate force by a single muscle or related muscle group. |
| What is power? | The ability to exert force under a given set of conditions defined by body position |
| How do you measure strength? | manual muscle testing |
| How do you figure Strength? | work = F x D |
| How do you figure Power? | = F x D/Time |
| What is overload principle? | application of a load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle |
| What is SAID principle? | Specific adaptations to imposed demands |
| What is progression principle? | intensity of the program must become progressively greater to continue making gains |
| What is reversibility principle? | changes are transient unless training induced improvements are regularly used |
| What is a muscle response to exercise? | frequency, duration, intensity |
| When a muscle response to exercise is does what? | exceed normal function, be specific, revert to pre-training state |
| Hypertrophy after exercise is what? | increase in individual muscle fiber size due to increase in synthesis of Actin & Myosin, biomechanical adaptations - increased activity & qty of enzymes for energy production |
| Type 1 Muscle response is for what type of runner? | long distance runner |
| Type 2 Muscle response is for what type of runner? | sprinter |
Created by:
jklincoln
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