Vet Dentistry
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| By what age can one expect all deciduous teeth to have erupted in a kitten? | 4-6 weeks (most by 3-4 weeks)
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| At what age do most kittens have all permanent teeth erupted? | 4-6 months
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| What is vasodentin? | dentin that contains vascular channels and dentinal tubules traversing through it indiscriminately
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| Where is vasodentin typically found? | outer third of circumpulpal dentin
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| What is osteodentin? | ??intermediate cementum
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| Where is osteodentin found? | in root dentin adjacent to root canal or cellular cementum
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| What is the prevalence of tooth resorption in cats? | 28-65%
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| What are the 3 most common GV Black classes of TR in cats? | Type V, II, and III
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| What is the most common type of oral tumor in cats? | SCC
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| What is the metastatic rate for non-tonsillar SCC in cats? | low
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| What is the metastatic rate for tonsillar SCC in cats? | high
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| What is the second most common type of oral tumor in cats? | Fibrosarcoma
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| In the studying evaluating 71 portugese cats, what factor was shown to have a statistical relation to Tooth Resorption? JVD Summer 2013 | age
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| In the studying evaluating 71 portugese cats, which teeth were most commonly affected by TR type I? JVD Summer 2013 | mand. PM3 & M1
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| In the studying evaluating 71 portugese cats, which teeth were more likely to have type 2 lesions? JVD Summer 2013 | canines
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| How many cats are expected to develop at least one TR during their lifetime? JVD Summer 2013 | 75%
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| Which teeth are mostly likley to be affected by TR in the cat? JVD Summer 2013 | mand. PM3
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| List suspect etiopathogenesis of TR in cats JVD Summer 2013 | chronic oral inflam/gingivitis/perio dz; metabolic & endocrine dz; Systemic acidosis, Vit D signaling pathway, calcium regulation, local hypoxia, low USG, viral dz, anatomic abnormalities, mechanical trauma
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| What was the original TRIAD of clinical findings in cats with "high rise syndrome"? JVD Spring 2012 | epistaxis, hard palate fracture, pneumothorax
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| What is the updated triad of clinical findings for cats with "high rise syndrome"s? JVD Spring 2012 | facial, thoraxic, and orthopedic trauma
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| What is the approximate terminal velocity of cats falling from a height? JVD Spring 2012 | 60 mph
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| In cats with open hard palate fracture, what width of defect may be treated by suturing without releasing incisions in the mucoperiosteum? JVD Spring 2012 | 1 mm
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| What is the survival rate in cats with high rise syndrome? JVD Spring 2012 | high (90-94%)
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| What is the current definition of tooth resorption (TR)? JVD Spring 2012 | the destruction of hard dental tissue by activated odontoclastic cells
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| What is the prevalence of TR in cats? JVD Spring 2012 | 28.5 - 67% (30-70)
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| Is the distribution of TR in cats typically symmetrical or not? JVD Spring 2012 | yes, usually symmetrical
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| What mandibular teeth are most commonly affected by TR in cats? JVD Spring 2012 | '07s and '09s
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| What are the characteristics of TR type 2? JVD Spring 2012 | ankylosis and osteoid remodelling
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| What causes the characteristic changes seen in TR type 2? JVD Spring 2012 | degradation and modification of dentin and cementum into osteoid repair tissue
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| What is the radiographic appearance of teeth with TR type 2? JVD Spring 2012 | PDL space disappears and physiological height of the alveolar crest remains unchanged
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| What is the radiographic appearance of teeth with TR type 1? JVD Spring 2012 | horizontal and vertical bone loss are common with exposure of the furcation, PDL space and roots generally remain unchanged or show signs of periodontitis
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| What is the definition of Stage 3 TR? JVD Spring 2012 | deep dental hard tissue loss that extends to the pulp cavity, most of the tooth RETAINS its integrity
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| What is the definition of stage 4 TR? JVD Spring 2012 | deep dental hard tissue loss that extends to the pulp cavity, most of the tooth HAS LOST its integrity
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| Which portion of the tooth is more affected by TR 4a? 4b? 4c? JVD Spring 2012 | 4a=crown and root equally affected. 4b crown > root. 4c root > crown
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| What treatment is recommended for teeth with 'clearly diagnosed' teeth with TR type 2? JVD Spring 2012 | crown amputation and intentional root retention
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| What two putative pathogens were identified as possible contributors to FCGS in a study evaluating toll like receptor and cytokine expression? Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013 | Tannerella forsythia & Feline Calicivirus
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| What toll like receptors and cytokines were found to be elevated in cats w/FCGS compared to healthy cats? Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013 | TLR2, TLR7, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-1 beta, and IL-6
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| What orofacial conditions are seen in cats with high rise syndrome? JVD Spring 2012 | epistaxis, hard palate fx +/- tear of palatal mucosa, palatal soft tissue bruiding, mandibular fx, mandibular symphyseal separation, tongue injury, facial soft tissue injury, tental trauma, other oral soft tissue injury, TMJ luxation and fx
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| What has been found regarding serum Vit D3 levels in cats with and without TR? JVD Fall 2010 | Mean serum 25-OH-D levels tend to be lower in cats with TR than in those w/o TR (which is the opposite of what researchers expected to find)
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| Which type of TR might one expect to see associated with high levels of vit D (based on findings of Vit D toxicity in rats)? JVD Fall 2010 | type II
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| What did the study of vitD serum levels in the Royal Canin cat colony find regarding relation to TR prevalence? JVD Fall 2010 | Vit D levels were lowest in cats with many TR lesions and highest in cats with no TR lesions (contradicts other studies and hypothesis)
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| What feline population was studied to use as a possible control set in TR research? JVD Winter 2010 | Swedish Eurasian lynx (wild)
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| What are 3 stimuli that can initiate pathologic TR? JVD Winter 2010 | trauma, orthodontic pressure, inflammation
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| What findings regarding general dental and systemic health may contribute to S.E. lynx population being free of TR? JVD Winter 2010 | good periodontal health and free from infectious dz (i.e. FIV, calicivirus, coronavirus, and herpesvirus)
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| What is the prevalence of TR in wild cats from Namibia compared to domestic cats? JVD Spring 2009 | lower in the wild cats (16%)
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| What dose of oral alendronate effectively slowed or arrested progression of TR in the cat study set? JVD summer 2009 | 9 mg/kg twice weekly
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| Where does alendronate accumulate in feline oral tissues? JVD Summer 2009 | subgingival tooth surfaces and adjacent alveolar bone
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| What degree of association was found between perio dz and TR type I in cats? JVD Fall 2009 | strong association
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| Why is Vit D thought to be involved in the process of TR? 2009 vet immunol immunopathol | Vitamin D involvement has been suggested because 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) stimulates osteoclastogenesis
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| Which cytokines stimulate osteoclastogenesis? 2009 vet immunol immunopathol | IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α
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| Which cytokines inhibit osteoclastogenesis? 2009 vet immunol immunopathol | IL-10 and IFN-γ
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| What is focal palatine erosion? JVD spring 2009 | a depression in the palatal bone due to pressure caused by the principal cusp of the mandibular M1 (see in wild cheetahs)
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| Which type of TR was shown to have a strong association with periodontal dz? JVD fall 2009 | type 1
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| What are 3 kinds of TR are recognized in humans? JVD fall 2009 | 1) sequelae of attachment damage 2)neurovascular supply damage; 3) consequence of an external inflammatory process
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| What anatomical feature found at the furcations in feline carnassial teeth may contribute to TR? JVD spring 2004 | furcation (accessory endodontic) canals
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| What are theorized etiologies of feline TR? JAAHA 1999 | chronic regurg dt hairballs, natural progression of perio dz, associations w/stomatitis (viral etiology); acidification of dry kibble, hypervitaminosis A (eating raw liver); nutritional hyperparathyroidism; inadequate dietary calcium; low magnesium diet
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