terminology and definitions for soft tissue injuries
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| Scrape or scratch in which the outer layer of the skin is damaged, but not all the layers are penetrated. | abrasion
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| Air bubble in the bloodstream. | air embolus
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| Surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually and extremity. | amputation
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| Flap of skin or other loose tissue torn loose or pulled off completely. Example- tip of nose torn off. | avulsion
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| Any material used to hold a dressing in place. | bandage
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| Internal injury in which there is no pathway from the outside to the injured site- usually the result of impact from a blunt object. | closed wound
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| Bruise. | contusion
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| Injury caused when force is transmitted from the body's exterior to its internal structures. Can cause rupture or bleeding of internal organs. | crush injury
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| Layer of skin found below the epidermis; it is rich in blood vessels, nerves, and specialized structures such as sweat glands, sebaceous (oil) glands and hair follicles. Involved with senses of touch, cold, heat, and pain. | dermis
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| Any material used to cover a wound in an effort to control bleeding and help prevent additional contamination. | dressing
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| Outer layer of the skin, composed of dead cells which are rubbed off and constantly replaced. | epidermis
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| Intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen. | evisceration
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| Burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged; 3rd degree burn. | full-thickness burn
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| Swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel. | hematoma
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| Cut that can be smooth or jagged, caused by a sharp edged object like a razor blade or broken glass. | laceration
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| Any dressing that forms an air-tight seal. | occlusive dressing
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| Injury in which the skin is interrupted or broken, exposing the tissue underneath. | open wound
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| Burn in which the epidermis is burned through and the dermis is damaged, 2nd degree burn. | partial-thickness burn
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| Open wound caused by a sharp pointed object that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues. | puncture wound
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| Method for estimating the extent of a burn area in which areas on the body are assigned certain percentages of the body's total surface area. | rule of nines
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| Method for estimating the extent of a burn area; the palm of a patient's hand, which equals 1% of the body's surface area, is compared with the burn to estimate its size. | rule of palm
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| Layers of fat and soft tissue found beneath the dermis. Absorb shock and insulate. | subcutaneous layers
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| Open chest wound in which air is drawn into the chest cavity. | sucking chest wound
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| Burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin, 1st degree burn. | superficial burn
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| Large, bulky dressing. | universal dressing
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| Skin, fatty tissue, muscles, blood vessels, fibrous tissues, nerves, membranes and glands are examples of | soft tissues
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| The priority in treating severe open wounds is to | control bleeding
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| Burns around the entry wound, injection of air into tissues, and damage to underlying tissue can be caused by this type of weapon | gun fired at close range
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| If caring for a patient with an impaled object in their leg you should | leave the object in place, stabilize the object, and use direct pressure.
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| Signs of an abdominal injury include: | pain, cramps, nausea, weakness, thirst, lacerations, puncture wounds, blunt trauma, indications of developing shock, vomiting blood, rigid/tender/distended abdomen, lie still with legs drawn up
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| Parts of the body that account for 9% each in the rule of nines | head/neck, each upper extremity, chest, abdomen, upper back, lower back/buttocks, front of each lower extremity, back of each lower extremity
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| signs and symptoms of an electrical injury | burns where energy enters/exits,paralysis, respiratory arrest, irregular heartbeat/cardiac arrest, muscle tenderness/twitch, elevated/low blood pressure/signs of shock, restlessness, loss of consciousness, fractures, dislocations, seizures
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