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Spine

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Question
Answer
How many cervical vertebrae are there?How many Lumbar vertebrae are there?   1) 7 Cervical Vertebrae 2) 5 Lumbar Vertebrae  
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Which 2 Vertebrae have a lordotic curve and bulge anteriorly?   Cervical and Lumbar  
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Which 2 Vertebrae have a kyphotic curve and bulge posteriorly?   Thoracic and Sacrum  
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The circular opeing between the body and vertebral arch is called the _____ ______?   Vertebral Foramen  
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The _____ ______ are the ridges of bone that can be easily felt under a persons skin?   Spinous Process - C7  
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T/F - Vertebrae have 2 Superior and 2 Inferior articulating process that project from the vertebral arch.   TRUE  
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Which of the following features are unique to the cervical?   1 & 3 = Spinous Process & Foramina  
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The spinous process of C2 - C6 are ______, meaning they are split into 2 posterior projections.   BIFID  
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C7 has a long spinous process that projects posteriorly called the _______.   Vertebral Prominens  
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On what vertebrae are the lateral masses located?   C1  
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The ODONTOID process is part of what bone?   C2 - Axis  
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C2 has a projection called what?   Odontoid Process  
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T/F - The spinous processes of the Thoracic Vertebrae are long and slender, projecting sharply inferior?   True  
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Which characteristics describes the sacrum?   ALL 3 = Triangular, Shovel Shaped, 5 Fused Vertebrae  
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The INFERIOR portion of the sacrum is called what?   APEX  
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The SUPERIOR portion of the sacrum is called what?   BASE  
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The base has a prominent ridge of bone that projects ANTERIORLY called the _____________.   Promontory  
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The sacrum has how many sacral foramina?   8  
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T/F - The sacrum and coccyx is part of the pelvic girdle   TRUE  
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T/F - The coccyx (or tailbone) is a small, triangular bone formed by the fusion of 3-5 vertebrae   TRUE  
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The inferior portion of the coccyx is called ________?   APEX  
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Classifications of bone shapes: Cervical-Thoracic-Lumbar-Sacrum-Coccyx   ALL IRREGULAR BONES  
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The outer part of the intervertebral disk is called __________ made of a thick tough cartilage.   Annulus Fibrosus  
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Which of the following is the soft semigelatinous material part of what?   Nucleous Pulposus  
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The what are located between the articular processes of stacked vertebrae   Zygapophyseal Joints  
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The anterior edge of the upper sacrum is the what?   Promonitary  
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The ___________ are located between the sacrum and each ilium of the oxcaxae   Sacroiliac (S1) Joints  
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(EC) ________ refers to the anterior displacement of 1 vertebrae on another   Spondylolisthesis  
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EC = Which view demonstrates the C7/C1 Vertebrae when not visualized on routine lateral projection.   Lateral Cervicothoracic = Swimmers  
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C1 is AKA   ATLAS  
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C2 is AKA   AXIS  
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_________ is spinal arthritis.   Spondylosis  
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______ _______ occurs in bones weakened by diseases.   Compression Fractures  
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_____ ______ is one of the most common types of spinal injury d/t a fall, lifting, twisiting or other impart   Disk Herniation  
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For an AP/PA view of the entire spine the CR enters at the level of the _______ ________.   Xiphoid Process  
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An AP/PA view of the entire spine demonstrates ________.   Scoliosis  
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Intervertebral Joints have a ______ movements.   Gliding Movement  
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Zygapophyseal Joints have a _______ movement.   Gliding Movement  
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The postioning landmark for the MASTOID TIP is?   C1  
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The positioning landmark for the Thyroid Cartilage   Upper border of C4  
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The positioning landmark of the Top of the Shoulders   C7  
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The positioning landmark of the Jugular Notch is?   Between the T2, T3 and Supborder of the manubrium  
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The positioning landmark of the Inferior Angle of the Scapula   T7  
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The positioning landmark of the Xiphoid Process   T10, Bottom of Sternum  
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The positioning landmark of the Iliac Crest   Between L4 AND L5  
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The SID should be __________" for a lateral cervical spine?   72"  
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For an AP axial of the Cervical Spine the CR should be angled ______* ____________   15 degrees cephalad  
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For an AP axial of the cervical spine the CR should be directed toward _____________ cartilage.   Thyroid  
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For and AP OPEN MOUTH of a cervical spine, it demonstrates the ____________   Zygopophyseal joints between C1 & C2  
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For a lateral view of the cervical spine the head, neck and body should be ______ to the IR.   Parallel  
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For a lateral view of the cervical spine the CR is directed toward the ______ cartilage and passes through the ________.   Thyroid - Mastoid Tip  
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What view is done to demonstrate range of motion and intersegmental stability of vertebrae?   Flexion & Extension Lateral  
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For a PA Oblique for a cervical spine how many degrees should the body be rotated?   45*  
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RAO Demonstrates _____________ intervertebral foramina.   Right  
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LAO Demonstrates ____ for a PA Oblique of a Cervical Spine   LEFT  
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RPO Demonstrates ___________ intervertebral foramina?   Left  
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LPO Demonstrates ___________ for an AP Oblique of a cervical spine   Right  
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For an AP Thoracic view the IR should be placed with _______ of IR ______ " above the shoulders.   Top = 1"  
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For an AP View of the Thoracic Spine the CR should be directed to _____ at the mid _____   T7 = Sternum  
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Which technique is used for a lateral view of the thoracic spine and at what exosure time?   Breathing Technique - 3-4 Sec  
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T/F - For an AP View of the lumbar spine the patient should be lying on their back (supine) with knees flexed?   TRUE  
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For an AP view of the Lumbar Spine, the CR should be directed to ______ at level of ____ ____.   L4 = Iliac Crest  
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For a lateral view of the lumbar spine the CR should be directed to the ______ at the level of the _____ _____.   L4 = Iliac Crest  
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For a L5/S1 coned down spot view of the lumbar spine the CR is angled ______ * _______.   5* - 8* = Caudal  
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How is the body rotated for an AP Oblique view for the lumbar spine.   45* = LPO or RPO  
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RPO Demonstrates _____________ Zygopophyseal joints and scotty dog.   RIGHT  
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LPO Demonstrates ________ for an AP Oblique of the lumbar spine   LEFT  
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For an AP View of the sacrum the CR is angled _____ * _______.   15* = Cephalad  
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For an AP View of the Coccyx the CR is angled _______ * _____.   10* - Caudal  
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For a lateral view of the coccyx the CR is directed to the mid _____ and enters _____" posterior and ______" inferior to ASIS.   Coccyx 3.5" and 2 "  
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For an AP View of the S1 joint the CR is angled _____* for males and _____* for females ______.   30* - 35* - Cephalad  
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For an Oblique view for the S1 Joint the body is rotated ______ * LPO or RPO   25*-30*  
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