Poisoning and Overdose Terms and Definitions
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| A substance that can harm the body by altering cell structure or functions. | poison
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| Stimulants, such as amphetamines, that affect the central nervous system to excite the user. | uppers
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| State in which a patient's body reacts severely when deprived of an abused substance. | withdrawal
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| Poisons that are taken into the body through unbroken skin. | absorbed poisons
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| Depressants, such as barbituates, that depress the central nervous system. | downers
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| Poisons that are swallowed. | ingested poisons
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| Class of drugs that affect the nervous system and change many normal body activities; legal use is relief of pain, may produce sleep | narcotics
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| Substance that absorbs many poisons and prevents them from being absorbed by the body. | activated charcoal
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| Thinning down or weakening by mixing with something else. | dilution
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| Severe reaction that can be part of alcohol withdrawal- characterized by sweating, trembling, anxiety, and hallucinations. | delirium tremens
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| Poisons that are breathed in. | inhaled poisons
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| Mind-affecting or mind-altering drugs that act on the central nervous system to produce excitements and distortion of perceptions. These have few legal uses and are dissolved in the mouth. | hallucinogens
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| An empty pill bottle on a bedside table is an example of a ____ clue? | environmental
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| Most of the over 1 million poisonings in the United States yearly are due to: | accidents involving young children
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| A substance secreted by plants, animals, or bacteria that is poisonous to humans. | toxin
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| Botulism is a toxic disease caused by a | bacteria
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| For most poisonous substances, the reaction is more serious in these groups of people. | elderly, ill
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| Examples of inhaled poisons include: | carbon monoxide, chlorine, ammonia
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| Examples of absorbed poisons include: | insecticides and agricultural chemicals
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| Snake bite venom is an _____ poison. | injected
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| It is important to determine WHEN the ingestion of a poison occurred because... | different poisons act on the body at different rates
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| If you suspect poisoning by ingestion, assure the child has a patent airway, then ask the parent for this information. | the child's weight
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| The 2 most common results of poison ingestion are: | nausea and vomiting
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| The difference between activated charcoal and regular charcoal is that | activated charcoal has more cracks and crevices.
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| The decision to use activated charcoal should be made with direction from | poison control or medical personnel
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| Activated charcoal is not routinely used with ingestion of: | caustic substances, strong acids, strong alkalis- such as lye, toilet bowl cleaner, oven cleaner
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| When a physician orders dilution of an ingested substance, you can use water or | milk.
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| The most common inhaled poison is | carbon monoxide
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| As you approach a passed out patient you smell an unusual odor. You should... | stand back and attempt to learn more about the chenical involved.
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| The principal pre-hospital treatment of a patient who has inhaled poison is | administering high concentration oxygen
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| Carbon monoxide affects the body by | preventing red blood cells from carrying oxygen normally
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| A conscious person with suspected carbon monoxide poisoning may have these signs. | cyanosis, altered mental state, dizziness
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| This symptom is not seen with alcohol abuse, but is seen with a diabetic emergency. | acetone breath
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| A person who has mixed alcohol with drugs will have | depressed vital signs
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| When you interview an intoxicated patient, you don't begin by asking if he has taken drugs because... | the patient may feel you are accusing him of a crime.
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| Cleaning fluid, glue, and model cement are examples of | volatile chemicals
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| A patient who has overdosed on an upper may have these symptoms: | excitement, increased pulse and breathing rates, dilated pupils, rapid speech
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| A patient who has overdosed on an downer may have these symptoms: | sluggishness, sleepiness, lack of coordination of body and speech
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| A patient who has overdosed on an hallucinogen may have these symptoms: | fast pulse rate, dilated pupils, flushed face, seeing and hearing things
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| A patient who has overdosed on a narcotic may have these symptoms: | reduced pulse rate and depth of breathing, constricted pupils, sweating
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